Authors

Abstract

An eccentric swing combing device was designed on the basis of the growth characteristics of Cerasus humilis in mature stage in this work to improve the removal rate and reduce the damage rate. The device adopted a swing mechanism to realize comb rod entry from the roots of branches and an eccentric mechanism to realize horizontal combing. The kinematic equation and the main affecting factors of the combing effect were obtained through the kinematic and dynamic analyses of the combing device. Rotation speed, feeding speed, and comb swing angle were considered the influencing factors, and removal and damage rates were taken as the evaluation indexes. We conducted an experiment of quadratic orthogonal rotation center combination with three factors and five levels on the combing device. Results showed that the contribution rate of each factor to the removal and damage rates was in the order of feeding speed, rotation speed, and comb swing angle. The best combination of parameters was obtained as follows: rotating speed of 11.26 r/min, feeding speed of 0.227 m/s, and comb swing angle of 5°. The removal and damage rates were 95.21% and 4.56%, respectively, under this parameter combination. The relative error with the predicted result was less than 5%. This study can effectively improve the effect of C. humilis fruit removal and provide reference for further design of C. humilis harvesting machinery.

Abstract in Chinese

针对钙果机械化采收难以脱果的问题，本文为提高钙果脱净率，降低破损率，结合其生长特性，设计了钙果偏心摆动梳脱装置。该装置采用摆动机构实现枝条根部喂入，利用偏心机构实现水平梳脱，完成脱果作业。在钙果梳脱状态动力学分析的基础上，利用该装置选择以脱净率和破损率为评价指标，以梳齿轮转速、喂入速度和梳齿摆角为试验因素，实施三因素五水平二次正交旋转中心组合优化试验。结果表明，各因素对脱净率和破损率的贡献率由大到小依次是喂入速度、梳齿轮转速和梳齿摆角；得到最佳参数组合为梳齿轮转速11.26 r/min，喂入速度0.227 m/s，梳齿摆角5°，在此参数组合下钙果偏心摆动梳脱装置的脱净率为95.21%，破损率为4.56%，与预测结果相对误差小于5%。该研究有效提高钙果脱果效果，可为提高钙果机械化收获提供参考。