Authors

Abstract

In order to improve the fertilization uniformity and stability of the orchard double row ditching-fertilizing machine, the design was optimized. Firstly, the factors affecting the movement of the fertilizer particles were analysed in combination with the kinetic model of the fertilizer particles during the falling process. Secondly, the influence of each factor on the fertilization uniformity was analysed by single factor variance. Finally, the Box-Behnken central composite method was used to establish a mathematical model of fertilization uniformity of the orchard double row ditching-fertilizing machine, and regression statistical variance, response surface, and contour lines were used to analyse the influence of each mechanism parameter on the fertilization uniformity. The test results show that: when the test parameters of the conveyer belt speed is within 165~235 r·min-1, the advancing velocity is within 0.8~1.2 m·s-1, and the guide plate angle is changed within the range of 15~45°, the degree of influence of each factor on the fertilization uniformity from high to low is the conveyer belt speed, advancing velocity, the angle of the guide plate, and the conveyer belt speed; when the conveyer belt speed is 214 r·min-1, advancing velocity is 1 m·s-1, and the angle of the guide plate is 37°, the fertilizer coverage reaches 100%, and the fertilization uniformity is increased from 86.31% to 90.73%, and the fertilization stability is improved. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of orchard ditching-fertilizing machine.

Abstract in Chinese

为提高果园双行开沟施肥机的施肥均匀度和稳定性，对果园双行开沟机进行优化设计。首先结合肥料颗粒下落过程中的动力学模型，分析影响肥料颗粒运动的各因素。其次通过单因素方差分析各因素对施肥均匀度的影响。最后采用Box-Behnken中心组合试验设计方法，建立果园双行开沟施肥机施肥均匀度的数学模型，通过回归统计方差、响应曲面和等高线分析各机构参数对施肥均匀度的影响规律。试验结果表明：在前进速度0.8～1.2m•s-1，传送带转速165～235r•min-1，导板角度15°～45°的试验参数范围内，各因素对施肥均匀度的影响程度从高到低依次为传送带转速、前进速度、导板角度；当传送带转速为214 r•min-1、前进速度为1.0m•s-1、导板角度为37°的参数条件下，肥料覆盖率达100%，施肥均匀度由原来的86.31%提高到90.73%，施肥稳定性提高。研究结果为果园开沟施肥机的设计和优化提供了理论依据。