Authors

Abstract

A comb-type harvesting test bench was designed to address low fruit collection rate and theoretical analysis and simulation analysis of the harvesting process were carried out in this work. Single factor simulation experiment and bench experiment were carried out, and fruit collection rate was used as the evaluation index. The motor speed, bending angle of comb teeth and radial diameter of comb teeth arrangement were selected as the experimental factors. Results showed that the collection rate decreased with the increase of motor speed; and increased with the increase of the bending angle of comb teeth or the radial diameter of comb teeth arrangement. The orthogonal experiment of three-factor and three-level quadratic rotation centre combination was performed. The results showed that motor speed had the largest effect on collection rate, followed by radial diameter of comb teeth arrangement and bending angle of comb teeth. The optimal parameter combination was predicted by the response surface model as follows: motor speed of 25 r/min, bending angle of comb teeth of 120°, radial diameter of comb teeth arrangement of 868.45 mm and correspondingly the collection rate reached 91.51%. Based on actual harvesting efficiency and the machining problems of the test bench, the bench experiment was performed with the motor speed of 25 r/min, the bending angle of comb teeth of 120°, the radial diameter of comb teeth arrangement of 900 mm, and the collection rate was 93.82%. The relative error with the predicted optimal result was 2.48%, achieving the purpose of improving the collection rate.

Abstract in Chinese

针对钙果采收要求，本文设计了梳脱式钙果采收试验台，并对采收过程进行了理论分析与仿真分析。以采收率为评价指标，以电机转速、梳齿弯曲角度和梳齿排布弧度的直径为影响因素，进行单因子仿真试验与台架试验，试验结果表明采收率随着电机转速的增大而逐渐降低，随着梳齿弯曲角度或梳齿排布弧度直径的增大而逐渐升高。进行了三因素三水平二次旋转中心组合正交试验，结果表明各因素对采收率影响的主次顺序是电机的转速、梳齿排布弧度和梳齿弯曲角度。由响应面模型预测最优梳脱参数组合为：电机转速25 r/min、梳齿弯曲角度120°、梳齿排布弧度直径868.45 mm，在此参数下模型预测最大采收率为91.51%。结合实际采收效率以及试验台加工等问题，用试验台以电机转速25 r/min、梳齿弯曲角度120°、梳齿排布弧度直径900 mm进行试验，得到采收率为93.82%，与预测最优结果相对误差为2.48%，达到了提升采收率的目的。