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Topic

Technologies and technical equipment for agriculture and food industry

Volume

Volume 65 / No. 3 / 2021

Pages : 193-202

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Volume viewed 39 times

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DESIGN AND EXPERIMENT OF CENTRIFUGAL COLLISION TEST DEVICE FOR MILLET AND SWEET BUCKWHEAT GRAIN

谷子、荞麦籽粒离心式碰撞试验装置设计及试验

DOI : https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-65-20

Authors

Jingxin Sun

Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Yuncheng University

Liqin Yang

Planning Finance Office, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng

Baohui Xu

Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Yuncheng University

(*) Yuming Guo

College of Agricultural Engineering, Shanxi Agriculture University

Qingliang Cui

College of Engineering, Shanxi Agriculture University

Yanqing Zhang

(*) Corresponding authors:

[email protected] |

Yuming Guo

Abstract

This critical collision damage force of millet and sweet buckwheat grain and the shelling force of shelled granular materials are important basic data for research of threshing and shelling technology and equipment. In order to master the linear velocity and collision force of grain with different moisture content when collision damage occurs, a centrifugal collision test device is designed. Based on the dynamic and kinematic analysis of grain in the centrifugal rotary table, the collision force between grain and steel plate was measured by PVDF piezoelectric pressure sensor and data acquisition system. The results showed that: under the same moisture content, the higher the rotational speed, the higher the grain crushing rate; at the same rotational speed, with the increase of moisture content, the crushing rate first decreased and then increased. When the moisture content of Jingu-21 and Yuqiao-4 is 19.7% and 17.8%, respectively, the grain crushing rate was the lowest. In terms of the anti-collision ability of grain, the optimum moisture content of threshing is between 19.7% and 21% for millet. For sweet buckwheat, the optimum moisture content of threshing is 17.8% ~19%, while the optimum moisture content of shelling by centrifugal sheller is about 11%. The faster the rotational speed of centrifugal rotary table is, the greater the linear speed of grain is, and the greater the collision force is. When the linear velocity of grain was 8.32 m/s and 11.30 m/s respectively, the millet grain moisture content was 11.1% and 20.9% respectively, damage began to appear, and the corresponding collision force was about 5.51 N and 10.6 N, respectively. When the linear velocity of grain was 8.32 m/s and 11.30 m/s respectively, and the moisture content was 11.1% and 22.8% of the sweet buckwheat grain respectively, damage began to appear, the corresponding collision force was about 8.92 N and 12.79 N, respectively. When the rotating speed of rotary table was 910 r/min, the linear speed of grain was 27.05 m/s, the crushing rate of millet and sweet buckwheat grain in harvest period were 56.30% and 63.76%, respectively, and the crushing rate of millet and buckwheat grain with 11.1% moisture content were 86.27% and 89.4%, respectively. The research results can provide theoretical basis for design and optimization of millet and sweet buckwheat combine harvester, threshing device and shelling device.

Abstract in Chinese

谷子、荞麦籽粒的临界碰撞损伤力及带壳散体物料的破壳力是研究脱粒、脱壳技术及其装备的重要基础数据。为掌握不同含水率的籽粒出现碰撞损伤时的线速度、碰撞力等,该文设计了一种离心式碰撞试验装置,对籽粒在转盘内进行动力学及运动学分析的基础上,采用PVDF压电薄膜传感器及数据采集系统对籽粒与钢板的碰撞力进行了测定。结果表明:同一含水率下,转速越大,籽粒的破碎率越高;在同一转速下,随着含水率的增大,破碎率先减小后增大,晋谷21号、榆荞 4 号的含水率分别为19.7%、17.8%时,籽粒的破碎率最小;从籽粒的抗碰撞能力来说,对于谷子,脱粒的最佳含水率在19.7%~21%之间;对于甜荞麦,脱粒的最佳含水率在17.8%~19%之间,而采用离心式脱壳机脱壳时的最佳含水率在11%左右。离心式转盘的转速越快,籽粒的线速度越大,所受的碰撞力也越大;当籽粒的线速度分别是8.32 m/s、11.30 m/s时,含水率分别为11.1%、20.9%的谷子籽粒开始出现损伤,对应的碰撞力分别是5.51N、10.6 N左右;当籽粒的线速度分别是8.32 m/s、11.30 m/s时,含水率为11.1%、22.8%的甜荞麦籽粒出现损伤,对应的碰撞力分别是8.92N、12.79 N左右;当转盘转速为910 r/min时,籽粒的线速度为27.05m/s,收获期谷子、甜荞麦籽粒的破碎率分别为56.30%、63.76%,含水率均为11.1%的谷子、甜荞麦籽粒的破碎率分别为86.27%、89.4%。研究结果可为谷子和荞麦的联合收获机、脱粒装置及脱壳装置的设计、优化提供基础依据。

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