Authors

Abstract

Aiming at solving problems that the variation of tillage depth between rows and within rows caused by the surface undulation was great, the lateral stability of tillage depth obtained by the method of adjusting at the three-point suspension was poor, and lack of subsoilers with the function of accurate detection and adjustment of single row tillage depth, a method of independent control of single row tillage depth based on ultrasonic sensor detection and hydraulic adjustment was proposed. And the tillage depth monitoring and control subsoiling assembly and the subsoiler equipped with subsoiling assemblies were designed. The key structural parameters of the hydraulic cylinder and the model of the three-position four-way magnetic exchange valve were determined. The subsoiling quality and performance comparison tests were conducted, and the results showed that the mean value of the variable coefficient of soil hardness, looseness of soil and coefficient of soil disturbance were 52.23%, 32.55% and 62.15%, respectively, and the stability coefficient of tillage depth was 92.43%, which all met the subsoiling operation requirements. The standard deviation of tillage depth belonged to the method of independent adjustment of single row and unified adjustment of each row were 38.315mm and 51.521mm, respectively. The subsoiler equipped with tillage depth monitoring and control subsoiling assemblies designed in this paper was capable of significantly improving the stability of tillage depth between rows and within rows.

Abstract in Chinese

为了解决由于地表起伏造成的深松机行间、行内耕深变异较大，且整机调节方式得到的耕深横向稳定性较差，缺乏实现单行耕深精准检测与调节的深松机的问题，本文提出了一种基于超声波传感器检测与液压调节的独立控制单行耕深的方法，设计了耕深监测控制深松单体以及由多个单体组成的深松机，确定了液压缸的关键结构参数以及三位四通电磁换向阀的型号，开展了深松效果与性能对比试验，结果表明深松前后土壤硬度变化系数均值为52.23%，土壤蓬松度均值为32.55%，土壤扰动系数均值为62.15%，耕深稳定性系数为92.43%，各项指标均满足深松作业要求，单体调节与整机调节的耕深标准差分别为38.315mm 和 51.521mm，本文设计的具有单行耕深独立检测与调节功能的深松机能够显著提高行间、行内耕深稳定性。