Authors

Abstract

As the application of agricultural mechanized production technology becomes more and more extensive, the application of mechanized straw returning technology has become more and more valuable. The mechanized return of straw to the field is a time-saving and labor-saving technology. It is an effective way to achieve sustainable agricultural development and is of great significance to the development and progress of modern agriculture. This article analyzes the current research status of mechanized straw returning to the field, discusses the process structure and characteristics of different mechanized straw returning methods, and focuses on the analysis of the composite technology of straw returning to the field. At the same time, the key problems of straw returning to the field, such as the length of straw not meeting the standard, the shallow depth of straw returning to the field, and the uneven distribution of straw, are put forward and analyzed. By taking the coverage rate and burial rate of the surface straw and the uniformity of the spatial distribution of the straw in the soil as the performance evaluation index of the mechanized return of straw to the field, and expounding its various indicators. Finally, two major development trends are proposed: the development of mechanized straw returning to the field from a single process to a composite process, and the effect of straw returning to the field towards uniform mixed burying and precise control.

Abstract in Chinese

随着农业机械化生产技术的应用越来越广泛，秸秆机械化还田技术的应用也愈来愈变得有价值。秸秆机械化还田是是一项既省时又省力的技术，是实现农业可持续发展的有效途径，对现代农业的发展进步有着极为重要的意义。文章对当前秸秆机械化还田技术研究现状进行分析，探讨了秸秆不同机械化还田方式工艺结构与特点，重点对秸秆还田的复合工艺方式进行分析。同时，提出了秸秆长度不达标、秸秆还田深度浅以及秸秆分布不均匀等秸秆还田存在的关键问题，并对其展开分析。通过将地表秸秆的覆盖率与埋覆率以及土壤中秸秆的空间分布均匀性作为秸秆机械化还田的性能评价指标，并对其各指标展开阐述。最后提出了秸秆机械化还田由单一工艺向复合工艺发展，秸秆还田效果向均匀混埋和精准调控发展的两大发展趋势。