Authors

Abstract

A 5tg-85 buckwheat thresher was designed to solve the problems of low mechanical harvesting level of buckwheat in hilly and mountainous areas, high work intensity of threshing and grain cleaning, and few available machines and tools. The machine adopts rasp bar-nail tooth combined threshing device and air screen cleaning device, which can complete threshing and grain cleaning at one time. In the paper, the structure, transmission system and key components of the thresher were designed, the parameters were calculated, and the threshing performance test was carried out. The results show that when the moisture content of buckwheat stem is 75%, the moisture content of grain is 17%, and the grass grain ratio is 4.4, when the rotating speed of the threshing drum of the thresher is 500r/min, the threshing gap is 10mm, the feeding amount is 0.8kg/s, the air speed of suction mouth is 8m/s, and the vibration frequency of vibrating screen is 25.12 rad·s-1. The crushing rate Zp is 1.13%, the impurity content Zz is 2.73%, the unthreshed loss rate Sw is 0.07%, the entrainment loss rate Sj is 1.77%, the cleaning loss rate Sq is 1.96%, the spatter loss rate Sf is 0.62% and the total loss rate S is 4.42%. The threshing effect is good, which meets the requirements of buckwheat threshing. The development of this machine will reduce the manual cost of buckwheat threshing, improve the work efficiency, improve the mechanized harvest level of buckwheat, and promote the development of buckwheat industry.

Abstract in Chinese

针对丘陵山区荞麦机械收获水平不高，脱粒和清粮作业工作强度大，可用的机具少等问题，设计了一种5TG-85型荞麦脱粒机。该机采用纹杆——钉齿组合式脱粒装置和风筛式清选装置，可一次完成脱粒和清粮作业。文章对该脱粒机的整机结构、传动系统和关键部件进行了结构设计和参数计算，并开展了脱粒性能试验。试验结果表明，当荞麦茎杆含水率为75%，籽粒含水率为17%，草谷比为4.4时，调整脱粒机的脱粒滚筒转速为500 r/min、脱粒间隙为10 mm、喂入量为0.8kg/s、吸杂口风速为8m/s、振动筛振动频率为25.12 rad·s-1的条件下，脱粒机的破碎率Zp为1.13%、含杂率Zz 为2.73%、未脱净损失率Sw为0.07%、夹带损失率Sj为1.77%、清选损失率Sq为1.96%、飞溅损失率Sf为0.62%、总损失率S为4.42%，脱粒效果良好，满足荞麦脱粒要求，可以进行脱粒作业。本机的研制将减少荞麦脱粒环节的人工作业成本高，提高工作效率，提升荞麦机械化收获水平，促进荞麦产业的发展。