Authors

Abstract

The farmland in Xinjiang of China is mainly sandy loam soil, on which the crops are subject to flat planting with mulched film. Before planting, the soil should go through deep ploughing in a short operation period, thus there is high demand on the high-speed plow and it is necessary to optimize the plow based on tillage resistivity to improve its working performance. In view of optimal design of the surface of high-speed reversible plow, simulation test was adopted to optimize the resistivity model, then finite element method was used to test the force condition of the plow. At last, the tillage resistivity of the plow after optimization was tested by soil bin test. Test results showed that, at tilling depth of 300 mm, tilling speed of 12 km/hm, and when the plow height was 250 mm with cutting angle of 37° and dozer angle of 84°, the plow achieved the optimal tillage resistivity and the optimal combination was 2.85 N/cm2; at tilling depth of 300 mm, soil moisture content of 17%, and soil compactness of 220 N/cm2, the maximum tensile stress on the surface of the plow was 115.61 MPa and total deformation was 2.869 mm; the maximum flexible strain of the plow was 9.38e-4. Soil bin test showed that, at tilling depth of 300 mm, dozer angle of 84°, the optimized high-speed reversible plow reduced the tillage resistance by 17.9% compared with common high-speed reversible plow made in China, and can provide reference to the design of high-horsepower tractors.

Abstract in Chinese

新疆农田以沙壤土为主，农作物采用覆膜平作方式，播前土壤均需要深耕作业，作业周期短，对高速犁体有较大需求，需要针对耕作比阻进行高速犁体优化，以提升国产犁的作业性能。本文针对高速翻转犁犁体曲面优化设计问题，采用仿真试验方法优化犁体比阻模型，利用有限元方法验证犁体受力情况，最后，通过土槽试验测试优化后犁体的耕作比阻。结果表明：当耕深深度为300mm，耕作速度为12km/h，犁体高度为250mm，起土角为37°，推土角为84°，犁体具有最佳的耕作比阻，最优组合为2.85 N/cm2；在作业深度为300mm，土壤含水率为17%，土壤坚实度为220N/cm2,犁体曲面所受最大拉应力为115.61Mpa，犁体总变形为2.869mm，犁体最大弹性应变为9.38×10-4；土槽试验结果也表明，当作业深度为300mm，耕作速度为12km/h，犁体高度为250mm，起土角为37°，推土角为84°，优化后的高速翻转犁犁体比普通国产高速翻转犁犁体的耕作阻力低17.9%，优化后的高速翻转犁犁体可为国产大马力拖拉机犁提供设计参考。