Authors

Abstract

Aiming at the problems of high moisture content of stems during buckwheat harvesting and easy clogging of grid concave plates, a telescopic rod tooth-ribbed rod roller type threshing device was designed. The device is mainly composed of a ribbed rod roller and telescopic rod teeth. When the ribbed rod roller type rotates, the telescopic rod teeth do reciprocating telescopic motion. When the rod teeth rotate to the minimum threshing gap, the outstretch length is the smallest. When the rod teeth rotate to the top, the outstretch length maximum. The device solves the problems of poor material flow between threshing devices and clogging of grid concave plates. This threshing device was attached to the threshing performance test bench, and the buckwheat threshing test was performed. Through the single factor test, the threshing parameter range under the condition of low loss rate and damage rate of the threshing device was obtained: the speed of the threshing roller is 350~450 r/min, the feeding amount is 0.8~1.2 kg/s, and the threshing gap is 9~11 mm. Through the quadratic orthogonal rotation combination test, the results were fitted by multiple linear regression, and the regression equations of the loss rate and the broken rate were obtained, and the significance test was carried out. The response surface analysis of the main influencing factors was carried out to explore the influence of threshing parameters on the loss rate and damage rate. Through parameter optimization, the threshing parameter combination with the lowest loss rate and damage rate of the threshing device was obtained. The speed of the threshing roller is 405.47 r/min, the feed amount is 1.06 kg/s, and the threshing gap is 10.49 mm. Under these conditions, the loss rate is 0.05%, and the damage rate is 4.05%. The overall performance of the threshing device is good, which provides a theoretical basis for the research and development of buckwheat mechanized harvesting equipment.

Abstract in Chinese

针对荞麦收获时茎秆含水率高，容易堵塞栅格凹板等问题，设计了伸缩杆齿-纹杆式脱粒装置。该装置主要由纹杆滚筒和伸缩杆齿组成，纹杆滚筒旋转时，伸缩杆齿往复伸缩，当杆齿旋转至最小脱粒间隙处时伸出量最小，当杆齿旋转至上方时伸出量最大。该装置很好地解决了物料在脱粒装置间流动不畅、堵塞栅格凹板等问题。将该脱粒装置安装于脱粒性能试验台，进行荞麦脱粒试验。通过单因素试验，获得该脱粒装置损失率和破碎率较低情况下脱粒参数范围为：脱粒滚筒转速350~450r/min，喂入量0.8~1.2kg/s，脱粒间隙9~11mm。通过二次正交旋转组合试验，对结果进行多元线性回归拟合，得到损失率和破碎率的回归方程，并进行显著性检验。对主要影响因素进行响应面分析，探究脱粒参数对损失率和破碎率的影响规律。通过参数优化，获得该脱粒装置损失率和破碎率最低的脱粒参数组合，脱粒滚筒转速405.47r/min，喂入量1.06kg/s，脱粒间隙10.49mm，该条件下损失率0.05%，破碎率4.05%。该脱粒装置整体性能良好，为荞麦机械化收获装备研发提供理论依据。