Authors

Abstract

Low productivity and high price are considered problems of the apricot stone shell breaking machine, which is widely used in current apricot production. In this paper an apricot stone shell breaking machine was designed, the mechanical properties of apricot stone by a shell breaking machine were analyzed, and the key working parts of this machine were designed. The structure and the working parameters of the shell breaking machine are the key factors affecting the shell breaking performance determined. In this paper, the effect of shell breaking was investigated by using shell breaking clearance, feeding speed and differential speed ratio of rollers as test factors and shell breaking rate and kernel damage rate as evaluation indicators. The results of the test showed that the effects of all factors on the shell breaking rate and kernel damage rate were: shell breaking clearance > feeding speed > differential speed ratio; according to the results of single factor test and orthogonal test, the machine could achieve a better shell breaking performance and work efficiency when the shell breaking clearance was 8.5 mm, the feeding speed was 350 kg/h and the differential speed ratio was 1.75. The validation experiment was carried out with the optimal parameters’ combination. The shell breaking rate and kernel damage rate were 99.04 % and 2.28 %, respectively, which provided a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of the apricot stone shell breaking machine.

Abstract in Chinese

针对目前新疆生产中普遍使用的的杏核破壳机械存在效率低、价格高的问题，本文研制了一种杏核破壳机通过对杏力学特性进行分析以及设计其关键工作部件,关键工作部件结构和工作参数是影响破壳效果的关键因素。文中以破壳间隙、喂料速度和对辊差速比为试验因素，破壳率和杏仁损伤率为评价指标对破壳效果进行了试验研究，结试验果表明：各因素对破壳率、杏仁损伤率的影响均为：破壳间隙＞喂料速度＞差速比；综合单因素试验和正交试验结果可知，破壳间隙为8.5 mm，喂料速度为350 kg/h，差速比为1.75时杏核破壳机能够取得较好的破壳效果和工作效率。以优化后参数组合进行试验验证，结果为：杏核破壳率为99.04 %，杏仁损伤率为2.28 %，研究结果为杏核破壳机的设计和优化提供了理论依据。