Authors

Abstract

In order to comprehensively evaluate the best pressure and sowing depth conditions suitable for oat growth under dry farming, a sowing pressure experimental device was designed. The calculation methods of pressure strength of different types of press wheels were analyzed. The experiment calibrated the corresponding counterweight under different suppression strengths. A three-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment was carried out with pressure strength, sowing depth and press wheel type as factors and oat emergence rate, dry matter accumulation at seedling stage and yield as main evaluation indexes. The results showed that the press wheel type had extremely significant effects on oat emergence rate, stem and leaf dry matter quality, total dry matter quality at seedling stage and yield, and had significant effects on root dry matter at seedling stage. The pressure strength had significant effects on the emergence rate and root dry matter quality of oat at seedling stage, and had extremely significant effects on stem and leaf dry matter quality, total dry matter quality at seedling stage and yield. Sowing depth had significant effects on seedling emergence rate, root dry matter quality, stem and leaf dry matter quality, total dry matter quality, and had extremely significant effects on yield. The optimum sowing conditions of oat are as follows: pressure strength is 50 kPa, sowing depth is 5 cm, and press wheel type is conical combined wheel. The results of this study could provide certain references for the design of oat high-yield mechanical sowing technology, oat seeder and press device.

Abstract in Chinese

为综合评估旱作条件下适于燕麦生长的最佳镇压和播深条件，设计了一种播种镇压试验装置，分析了不同镇压轮型式镇压强度的计算方法，试验标定了不同镇压强度时对应配重的大小，开展了以播种镇压强度、播深、镇压轮型式为因素，以燕麦出苗率、苗期干物质积累量、产量为主要评价指标的三因素三水平正交试验。试验结果表明：镇压轮型式对燕麦出苗率、苗期茎叶干物质量、总干物质量、产量具有极显著影响，对苗期根干物质量具有显著影响；镇压强度对燕麦出苗率、苗期根干物质量具有显著影响，对苗期茎叶干物质量、总干物质量、产量具有极显著影响；播深对燕麦出苗率、苗期根干物质量、茎叶干物质量、总干物质量具有显著影响，对产量具有极显著影响。燕麦最优播种条件为播种镇压强度为50kPa，播种深度为5cm，镇压轮型式为锥形组合轮。该研究结果可为燕麦高产机械化播种技术、燕麦播种机及镇压装置的设计提供一定参考。