Authors

Abstract

In order to improve the efficiency of peanut harvesting in China, realize the deep integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy in peanut production and promote the development of peanut industry. According to the research on peanut planting agronomy and plant biological characteristics, this paper focuses on the analysis of the clamping and collecting scheme of the three-ridge six-row peanut combine harvester, and designs the structure of the clamping and collecting device to solve the situation that the peanut clamping and collecting process is prone to congestion under large feeding volume. By analysing the forces on the peanut plant, the structure of the core fruit picking device has been designed, and the factors and parameters affecting the effectiveness of the peanut picking operation have been optimised through experimental research using the peanut leakage and crushing rates as indicators. The whole machine structure of the three-ridge six-row peanut combine harvester was designed to ensure that the peanut combine harvester can complete the processes of harvesting, digging, clamping and conveying, soil removal, collecting, fruit picking, cleaning and fruit collection at one time. Finally, through field tests on the three-ridge six-row peanut combine harvester, it was verified that the peanut leakage rate was 1.92% and the crushing rate was 0.84% at different forward speeds, and all of them were congested, which met the national peanut harvesting standards.

Abstract in Chinese

为提高我国花生收获效率，实现花生生产农机农艺的深度融合，促进花生产业的发展。根据花生种植农艺及植株生物特性的研究，本文重点解析了三垄六行花生联合收获机的夹持归集方案，设计了夹持归集装置的结构，解决了在大喂入量情况下花生夹持归集过程易拥堵的情况；通过对花生植株进行受力分析，解析了摘果核心装置结构，以花生的破碎率、漏摘率为指标，试验分析得出了影响花生摘果作业效果的因素及参数范围。对三垄六行花生联合收获机整机结构进行了设计，确保花生联合收获及可以一次性完成扶禾、挖掘、夹持输送、去土、归集、摘果、清选、集果等工序。最终通过对三垄六行花生联合收获机进行田间试验验证得出机具在不同的前进速度下，花生的漏摘率为1.92%，破碎率为0.84%，且均未出现拥堵的情况，符合国家花生收获的标准。