Authors

Abstract

The mechanism of furrow opener-soil interaction plays an important role in analyzing the process of no-till planting furrow opener. In order to study the disturbance effect of the furrow opener on the loam soil, firstly, the three-dimensional model of the furrow opener was established by using SolidWorks. Secondly, the 3D discrete element model of furrow opener-soil interaction was established by EDEM software. Combined with the indoor soil bin test bench and high-speed camera technology, the micro-disturbance and macro-disturbance behavior of the furrow opener on soil at different positions, speeds and operating depths were compared and analyzed. The results showed that, the disturbance range of soil was decreased with the increase of the distance between the furrow opener and the soil. At different locations, the disturbance range of soil from large to small was the surface layer, the shallow layer and the middle layer. Under the conditions of three different layouts of furrow openers, through the comparison of the soil trench test and the simulation test, it was determined that the furrow openers in a staggered layout would be beneficial to reduce the degree of soil disturbance. In the trenching process, the soil movement velocity was decreased with the increase of the distance between the soil and the furrow opener, and the distribution curves of the same-speed soil particles were basically consistent with the curves of the furrow opener. The average velocities of soil particles with different velocities and depths in different directions were the surface layer, the shallow layer and the middle layer. However, there were differences in the maximum velocities of soil particles in different directions. By comparing the data obtained from the simulation test and the soil bin test, it was found that the parameters obtained from the simulation and the test were basically consistent, and it was determined that the discrete element simulation could simulate the soil disturbance behavior of the furrow opener more accurately. The relative errors of cross-sectional area of the front furrow opener and the rear furrow opener were 2.48 % and 5.2 %, respectively. The relative errors of the dynamic soil rate of the front furrow opener and the rear furrow opener were 0.25 % and 5.12 %, respectively.

Abstract in Chinese

开沟器—土壤之间的相互作用机理对于分析开沟器的免耕作业过程有着重要的作用。为研究开沟器对土壤的扰动作用，首先利用SolidWorks建立开沟器三维模型；其次使用EDEM软件建立开沟器-土壤相互作用的三维离散元模型。结合室内土槽试验台以及高速摄像技术，对比分析不同位置、不同速度、不同作业深度下开沟器对土壤的微观扰动以及宏观扰动行为。结果表明，土壤的扰动范围会随着与开沟器之间距离的增大而逐渐减小；不同位置土壤的扰动范围由大到小依此为表层、浅层、中层。在开沟器3种不同布局方式的条件下，通过对土槽试验和仿真试验的对比，确定开沟器以相互交错的布局方式，会有利于减小土壤的扰动程度。在开沟过程中，土壤的运动速度会随着与开沟器之间距离的增大而逐渐减小，土壤颗粒的等速度分布曲线与开沟器的切土刃口弧线基本吻合；不同速度、不同深度的土壤颗粒在不同方向上的平均速度由大到小均为表层、浅层、中层；但土壤颗粒在不同方向上的最大速度存在着差异。通过对仿真试验与土槽试验获得的数据进行对比，发现仿真与试验获取的各项参数基本一致，确定离散元仿真能够较准确的模拟开沟器对土壤的扰动行为；前排开沟器和后排开沟器的沟型截面积相对误差分别为2.48%、5.2%，前排开沟器和后排开沟器的动土率相对误差分别为0.25%、5.12%。