Authors

Abstract

In the harvest of lodged corn in hilly areas, the low position of corn ears and the large slope of the land caused severe losses. The comprehensive performance of loss reduction and terrain adaptability was studied on three small corn harvesters. The tested harvesters were 4-row 4YZP-4Y wheeled harvester, 2-row 4YZLP-2C crawler harvester and 2-row 4YZLP-2C-AF crawler harvester equipped with spiral lifers. The results showed that the all-speed corn ear loss and grain loss of the 4YZP-4Y harvester were 55.6% and 57.6% lower than those of the 4YZLP-2C harvester, while those of the 4YZLP-2C-AF harvester was 23.2% and 17.3%, lower than in the case of the 4YZLP-2C harvester. The all-height corn ear loss and grain loss of the 4YZP-4Y harvester were 35.2% and 56.6% lower than those of the 4YZLP-2C harvester, those of the 4YZLP-2C-AF harvester were 19.9% and 24.9% lower than in the case of the 4YZLP-2C harvester. The smaller header width and larger roller compacted area of the 4YZLP-2C harvester were the main factors that caused harvest loss. Wider harvester header, auxiliary feeding devices and smaller roller compacted area were key methods to reduce the harvest loss of lodged corn in hilly areas. This study provides technical scheme and design references for harvesters on lodged corn in hilly areas.

Abstract in Chinese

在丘陵山区倒伏玉米的收获中，过低的果穗位置和较大的地面坡度造成了严重的收获损失。本研究对三种小型玉米收获机进行了玉米收获损失和地形适应性的综合性能试验。试验所用玉米收获机机型分别为4行4YZP-4Y型轮式收获机、2行4YZLP-2C履带式收获机和安装了螺旋提升器的2行4YZLP-2C-AF型履带式收获机。试验结果表明，在不同作业速度下，与4YZLP-2C收获机相比，4YZP-4Y收获机的果穗损失和籽粒损失分别低了55.6%和57.6%，4YZLP-2C-AF型收获机分别降低了23.2%和17.3%；在不同割台高度下，与4YZLP-2C收获机相比，4YZP-4Y收获机的果穗损失和籽粒损失分别降低了35.2%和56.6%，4YZLP-2C-AF型收获机分别降低了19.9%和24.9%。较小的割台宽度和较大的地面碾压面积是造成4YZLP-2C履带式收获机收获损失的主要原因。增大割台宽度，加装辅助喂入装置以及缩小地面碾压面积是减小丘陵地区倒伏玉米收获损失的关键措施。本研究为丘陵地区倒伏玉米收获中收获机的适应性研究提供技术支撑和设计参考。