Authors

Abstract

For the peanut combine harvester excavation process resistance, poor soil crushing effect and poor reliability of the problem, the excavation shovel optimization needs improvement. Firstly, a mechanical model of the resistance of the excavation shovel was established to investigate the key factors affecting the degree of resistance of the excavation shovel. Next, the design of the main parameters of the excavation shovel was done to determine the range of values of the main factors affecting the peanut excavation shovel. EDEM software was used to simulate and analyse the excavation process and to explore the influence law of excavation shovel parameters on the resistance. Improvements were made to the excavation shovel, discrete element simulation tests were used to demonstrate that the optimized excavation device had better resistance reduction and soil crushing than the original device. By designing a three-factor, three-level orthogonal simulation test, the best parameters for the excavation shovel were obtained: the shovel surface inclination is 20°, the excavation depth is 131mm, and the shovel surface width is 277mm. Field trials were conducted under the optimal combination of parameters to test the reliability of the improved digging shovel. Compared with the operating effectiveness of the original machine, the result was improved to some extent. It proves that the optimized design of excavating shovel is reasonable and can improve the operation effect of peanut harvester.

Abstract in Chinese

针对花生联合收获机存在挖掘作业过程阻力大、碎土作业效果差以及可靠性差的问题，对挖掘铲进行优化改进。首先建立挖掘铲阻力力学模型，探究影响挖掘铲阻力大小的关键因素。其次对挖掘铲的主要参数进行设计，确定影响花生挖掘铲的主要因素的取值范围。利用EDEM软件对挖掘过程进行仿真分析，探明挖掘铲参数对阻力的影响规律。对挖掘铲进行改进，利用离散元仿真试验证明了优化后的挖掘装置的减阻和破碎土壤效果优于原装置。通过设计三因素三水平正交仿真试验，得出挖掘铲最佳的参数组合：铲面倾角为20°，挖掘深度为131mm，铲面宽度为277mm。在最优参数组合下进行田间试验，检验131改进后挖掘铲的可靠性。与原机作业效果对比，效果得到一定提高。证明挖掘铲优化设计合理，能够改善花生收获机的作业效果。