Authors

Abstract

Mechanized harvesting of crops is an important link in the field of agricultural engineering, and brush harvesting is a common way of harvesting. The comb brush device is divided into four types: comb tooth type, roller spring finger type, belt comb finger type, and rod comb finger type. Picking rate and breakage rate are the indexes to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of comb brush harvesting devices. How to improve the picking rate and reduce breakage rate is of great significance to the popularization of the devices. To improve the picking rate, the design of comb teeth should conform to the growth characteristics of crops. In this study, the application of four comb brush devices in harvesting different crops was introduced, working principles and advantages and disadvantages were summarized. Meanwhile, the research status of a variable finger spacing device was summarized. In addition, to study fruit damage caused by brush devices during harvesting, three common analysis methods were summarized, namely finite element method, discrete element method, and text analysis method. The application situations and key steps were listed, and the modeling methods of material fruit in simulation analysis were summarized. The review is intended to provide a reference for improving the harvesting effect of comb brush device. In the future, with the deepening combination of agronomy and agricultural machinery technology, comb brush harvesters will be more widely used.

Abstract in Chinese

农作物的机械化收获是农业工程领域的一个重要环节，梳刷收获是一种常见的收获方式。目前梳刷装置分为梳齿型、滚筒弹齿型、带状梳指型以及杆条梳指型四种。采摘率和破损率作为评价梳刷装置优劣的指标，如何提高采摘率并降低破损率对梳刷装置的推广具有重要意义。提高采摘率，梳齿的设计要符合作物的生长特点，本文介绍了四种梳刷收获装置在收获不同作物时的应用情况，并归纳出其工作原理和优缺点，同时对变间距梳齿装置的研究现状进行了总结。此外，为了研究梳刷装置收获时对果实的损伤情况，总结了三种常用的分析方法，分别为有限元法、离散元法和试验分析法，对其应用场合和关键步骤进行了总结，同时对仿真分析时物料果实建模的方法进行了归纳。本文旨在为提高梳刷装置的收获效果提供参考，未来随着农艺和农机技术不断深入结合，梳刷式收获装置将会得到更广泛的应用。