Authors

Abstract

Smart agriculture, which combines the Internet of Things (IoT) with agriculture, is the future of agricultural development. In China, manual irrigation is currently the dominant method for seedling irrigation management, but it is inefficient and can lead to water waste. To improve seedling quality and output, reduce labor costs, and conserve water resources, this paper presents a design for an IoT system that uses soil moisture detection and remote precision irrigation for seedlings. The system includes a STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller, an ESP8266-01S communication module, a PRISON PR-3000-ECTH-N01 soil temperature and humidity module, and a 12V water pump. The system is connected to the OneNET platform via the MQTT protocol of the Wi-Fi module and includes software modules for data processing, Wi-Fi communication, and relay control. The OneNET platform allows users to monitor and record real-time temperature and humidity data and switch between automatic and manual modes and seedling threshold types. The system was tested for 24 hours and collected 28,000 temperature and humidity data points every 3 seconds with a packet loss rate of less than 5%. The results show that the system is stable and reliable.

Abstract in Chinese

目前我国大部分地区对苗木的灌溉管理多采用人工灌溉，需要进行实地测试和勘察，且对量和时的把握不够科学，容易造成水资源浪费。为极大地减少人工劳动力的成本，合理并高效地利用水资源以及为苗木的生长环境进行控制，进而提高苗木的品质和产出，实现智能化和高收益化。本文研究了基于物联网的苗木土壤墒情检测与远程精准灌溉的实现，并设计了一套采集土壤温湿度并上传至OneNET云平台进行实时监控记录，并且可以从客户端进行指令操作进行精准灌溉以及切换工作模式的一套物联网系统。实现温湿度数据采集、数据处理、数据上传、指令下发以及水泵灌溉的功能。系统以STC12C5A60S2单片机为驱动芯片，ESP8266-01S为通信模块，普瑞森社的PR-3000-ECTH-N01土壤温湿度模块为采集模块，12V水泵作为受控模块进行温湿度调节。整个系统通过Wi-Fi模组内置的MQTT协议便捷地接入OneNET平台。对OneNET数据可视化进行设计，包括温湿度数据、自动手动模式切换以及苗木阈值类型切换功能，使得客户端界面清晰直观，便于使用者准确了解实时状况并进行精准灌溉。在设计和调试完成后，对系统进行了24小时稳定性测试，以每3秒采集一次数据，共采集温湿度数据各28,000个左右，丢包率低于5%。结论为系统稳定性准确可靠。