Authors

Abstract

In order to reduce the harvest loss and optimize and improve the comprehensive performance of the combine harvester, the relationship between the feeding quantity, drum torque, drum speed, harvest loss, and other factors of the wheat combine harvester is studied, and the functional relationship between the loss, feeding quantity and speed is determined. According to the test data, the relationship model between the feeding quantity of the harvester and the drum torque is a quadratic function. For the land with uniform growth, the size of feeding quantity is mainly affected by the forward speed of the harvester. In this way, this paper indirectly achieves the purpose of controlling the feeding quantity by controlling the speed of the harvesting machinery. The control system designed in this paper uses the compensated fuzzy PID to control the walking speed of the vehicle through real-time detection of the drum torque, drum speed and loss of the harvester, so as to comprehensively control the working speed of the harvester and effectively control the harvest loss. The test results show that the control system can effectively reduce the harvest loss and improve the harvest efficiency compared with the manual harvest of the wheat.

Abstract in Chinese

为减少小麦联合收获机收获过程中的收获损失，优化提升联合收获机工作综合性能，本文对小麦联合收获机的喂入量、滚筒转矩、滚筒转速、收获损失等因素间的相互关系进行研究，并确定了损失与喂入量、车速等之间的函数关系。根据试验数据分析得到收获机的喂入量与滚筒转矩呈一次函数关系模型；喂入量与收获损失呈二次函数关系模型。由分析数据模型可知，通过改变收获机械喂入量，可实现低损失控制；喂入量的大小对于长势均匀的地块而言，其主要受收获机械前进速度影响，因此本文通过控制收获机械的车速间接达到控制喂入量的目的。本文所设计的控制系统，通过实时检测收获机的滚筒转矩和滚筒转速及损失等数据，使用补偿式模糊PID控制车辆的行走速度，实现综合控制收获机械的工作速度进而达到有效控制收获损失。试验结果表明，该控制系统与人工操作收割小麦相比，有效降低了收获损失，提高了收获效率。