Authors

Abstract

Aiming at the problems of single mechanical performance, multi-person operation and low operation efficiency of air-suction jujube harvesting in China, combined with the requirements of mechanized jujube harvesting in Xinjiang, this study designed a self-propelled jujube collection strip pick-up machine. The machine is mainly composed of crawler chassis, landing jujube collection strip device, separation and impurity removal device and hydraulic system. According to the jujube planting mode, the size of the crawler chassis is 1780 mm × 1650 mm × 310 mm. In order to simulate the effect of artificial collecting strips, a reciprocating collecting strip blowing head was designed with a height of 15 cm from the ground, a horizontal and vertical angle of 35° and 15° respectively. The model of the collecting fan is selected as 9-19-4A; the fluid simulation analysis of the separation and impurity removal box is carried out to verify the rationality of the box structure design. The performance of the picker was tested by pick-up efficiency, cleanliness, breakage, and impurity rates. The results show that when the forward velocity was about 0.40 m·s-1, the average pick-up efficiency could reach 752.7 km·h-1, the average pick-up cleanliness rate was 95.66 %, the average breakage rate was 2.68 %, and the average impurity rate was 3.64 %. The self-propelled jujube collection strip pick-up machine designed in this experiment meets the requirements of mechanized harvesting of jujube and can realize single-person remote control operation.

Abstract in Chinese

针对我国气吸式红枣收获机械性能单一、需多人同时操作以及作业效率低等问题，结合新疆红枣机械化收获作业要求，本研究设计一种自走式红枣集条捡拾机。该机主要由履带底盘、落地红枣集条装置、分离除杂装置和液压系统等组成。根据红枣种植模式设计履带底盘外形尺寸为1780 mm×1650mm×310 mm；为模拟人工集条效果，设计往复式集条吹头距地高度15cm、水平和竖直夹角分别为35°和15°；选取集条风机型号为9–19–4A；对分离除杂箱箱体进行流体仿真分析，验证箱体结构设计合理性；通过捡拾效率、拾净率、破损率和含杂率来检验捡拾机作业性能。结果表明：前进速度约为0.40m·s-1时，平均捡拾效率可达752.7 km·h-1，平均捡净率为95.66%，平均破损率为2.68%，平均含杂率为3.64%。本试验设计的自走式红枣集条捡拾机符合红枣机械化收获作业要求，可实现单人远程遥控操作。