Authors

Abstract

In order to meet the precision seeding of small seeds including millet and broomcorn millet in hilly and mountainous areas, a single-row small grain precision seeder was developed. Static seeding test and seeding test were carried out on the seeder. In this paper, the key parts such as socket wheel-ring groove seed metering device, transmission system and tensioning wheel are designed. The working parts such as arrow shovel furrow opener, plastic seed tube and hollow cast iron press wheel were selected to achieve seed metering. The seed metering wheel has double-row of holes. The results of static seeding test showed that rotational speed had a significant effect on the sowing quantity of millet and broomcorn millet (P < 0.001). The higher the rotational speed, the greater the sowing quantity. With the increase of rotational speed of seed metering wheel, the damage rate of millet and broomcorn millet increased. At the same rotational speed, the breakage rate of broomcorn millet is smaller than that of millet. The field sowing test showed that when the seeder is at a marching speed of about 0.5 m/s, the qualified rate of the hole spacing of millet and broomcorn millet is greater than or equal to 90%, and the qualified rate of the number of grains per hole is greater than or equal to 82%. All indicators meet the requirements of the technical conditions of single-grain (precision) seeder. The design can provide reference for the design and optimization of small grain precision seeder.

Abstract in Chinese

为了满足丘陵山地谷子、黍子等小籽粒种子的精少量播种，研制了单行小籽粒精少量播种机，并对播种机进行了静态排种试验和播种试验。该文设计了窝眼轮-环槽式排种器、传动系统、张紧轮等关键零部件，选用了箭铲式开沟器、塑料导种管、空心铸铁镇压轮等工作部件，排种轮具有双排型孔。静态排种试验结果表明：转速对谷子、黍子的排量有极显著影响显著（P＜0.001），转速越大，排量越大；随着排种轮转速的增大，谷子和黍子的破损率均增大；在同一转速下，黍子的破损率比谷子的破损率均小。田间播种试验表明：当播种机在0.5m/s左右的前进速度下，谷子、黍子的穴距合格率均大于等于90%，穴粒数合格率均大于等于82%，各项指标均满足单粒（精密）播种机技术条件的要求。该设计可为小籽粒精量播种机设计和优化提供参考。