Authors

Abstract

When the seeding monomer of no-tillage maize planter operates in sticky and wet soil, soil bonding and blocking of soil-touching parts will occur to different degrees, leading to functional failure and affecting the quality of seeding operation. Aiming to improve the anti-adhesion property with minimum cost, a seeding monomer is modified to operate in sticky and wet soil with the support of TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving). There are two major scheme adjustments, including self-cleaning seedbed collating device and split gauge wheel. The Su-field model of seedbed collating device is constructed, and the design scheme of smaller wavy coulter and dirt scraper is proposed on the basis of the standard-solution tool and water-film theory. And the parameters of the wave are determined on account of force analysis of soil particles and bionic earthworm. Based on the systemic-functional analysis of the seeding depth-limiting device and the force analysis of gauge wheel during operation, a split type of depth-gauge wheel with large lug hole is designed. As a result, the field trial demonstrates that the improved monomer could meet the operation requirements of clay soil with the water content of 15%-25%. Compared with the original model, the residual clay content is decreased (seedbed collating device 57.5%, gauge wheel seeding depth-limiting device 10%). This study can provide reference for the anti-adhesion design of soil-contacting parts of agricultural machinery.

Abstract in Chinese

玉米免耕播种机的播种单体在黏湿土壤中作业时，各触土部件会发生不同程度的土壤粘结与堵塞，导致功能失效，影响播种作业质量。以最小代价提高抗粘性能为目标，应用TRIZ理论辅助分析求解改进方案，设计了一种适于黏湿土壤作业的具有自清洁式种床整理装置、分体式播种限深轮的播种单体。构建了种床整理装置的问题“物-场模型”，基于“标准解工具”和水膜理论提出小波纹形破茬刀盘组合刮土刀的设计方案；通过波纹圆盘破茬刀运动时土壤质点受力分析，结合仿生蚯蚓确定波纹形状参数。基于播种限深装置的“系统功能分析”和限深轮作业过程受力分析，设计了分体式大腰孔限深轮。田间试验表明，改进后的播种单体能够满足含水量在15%~25%黏壤土的播种作业要求，与原机型相比，种床整理装置和限深装置的残留粘土量分别下降57.5%、10%。该研究可为农机触土部件抗土壤粘附设计提供参考。