Authors

Abstract

Aiming at the problems of high damage rate and loss rate of the existing safflower harvesting equipment, this study designed a rotary cutting safflower harvesting end effector by combining the growth characteristics and mechanical properties. Through force analysis of the cutting tool, the key factors, which affects the harvesting performance, were clarified to be the blade inclination and the knife shaft speed. The Fluent software was used to analyze the flow field of the harvesting chamber, which aims to determine the appropriate wind speed. To improve the working performance of the rotary cutting safflower harvesting end effector, a three-factor, three-level orthogonal test was carried out with the blade inclination, knife shaft speed and wind speed as the influencing factors, and with the recovery rate, damage rate and loss rate as the response indexes. A regression model for the three-factor interaction was developed and optimized based on the results of the Box-Behnken test. The optimal parameter combination is: the blade inclination is 15°, the knife shaft speed is 1570 r/min, and the wind speed is 6 m/s. A test of the optimization results showed that the recovery rate was 91.47%, the damage rate was 7.51%, and the loss rate was 4.67%. This study can provide theoretical basis and technical reference for the mechanized harvesting of safflower.

Abstract in Chinese

针对现有红花采收装备存在损伤率高、采净率低等问题，该研究结合红花植株生长特点及力学特性，设计了一种回转切割式红花采收末端执行器。通过对刀具进行受力分析，明确了影响采收性能的关键因素为刀刃倾角和刀轴转速；利用Fluent软件对采收腔室流场进行分析，确定适宜的入口风速。为提升回转切割式红花采收末端执行器的工作性能，以刀刃倾角、刀轴转速和入口风速为影响因素，以花丝采净率、损伤率、掉落率为响应指标，进行三因素三水平正交试验。根据Box-Behnken试验结果建立了三因素交互作用的回归模型并对其进行优化，获得最优参数组合为：刀刃倾角15°，刀轴转速1570r/min，入口风速6m/s。对优化结果进行试验验证，结果表明，采净率为91.47%，损伤率为7.51%，掉落率为4.67%。该研究可为红花机械化采收提供理论依据和技术参考。