Authors

Abstract

In order to solve the problem of mechanical direct seeding of rice seeds on the exposed soil surface, which is affected by bird and mouse damage, rain and sun exposure, etc., a pendulum-type synchronous soil-covered rice direct seeding machine was developed. In order to clarify the leakage and anti-entanglement performance of the mulching plate, linear function type, quadratic function type and exponential function of the sliding blade mulching plate were designed, and the mulching plate structure, straw distribution spacing and suspension rotation speed were used as independent variables. Using straw entanglement rate and straw interference rate as evaluation indicators, a full-factor experimental study was carried out to determine the optimal structure of the mulching plate; a pendulum-type synchronous soil covering live broadcast EDEM simulation model was established, and field experiments were conducted to verify its synchronous soil covering performance. The test results show that the exponential function of the sliding blade mulching plate has the best performance, and the soil covering rate of the three soil covering plate structures is 87.37~98.54 under the conditions of forward speed 0.6~1.0 m/s and suspension rotation speed 90~150 r/min. %, the covering soil thickness is 5.08~5.84 mm. This research can provide reference for rice mechanical direct seeding technology and equipment.

Abstract in English

水稻机械直播稻种裸露土壤表面，易受周围环境和气候等影响，造成出苗率降低，针对此问题，研制了一种悬摆式同步覆土水稻直播机。为了明确覆土板的漏覆和防缠性能，设计了一次函数型、二次函数型和指数函数型滑刃式覆土板，并以覆土板结构、秸秆分布间距和悬摆转速为自变量，将秸秆缠挂率和秸秆干扰率为评价指标，开展了全因素试验研究，确定最优覆土板结构；为了分析覆土板与土壤之间的相互作用，建立悬摆式同步覆土直播EDEM仿真模型，并通过开展田间试验验证其同步覆土性能。试验结果表明：指数函数型滑刃式覆土板性能最佳，且三种覆土板结构在前进速度为0.6~1.0m/s和悬摆转速90~150r/min条件下，覆土率为87.37~98.54%，覆土厚度为5.08~5.84mm。该研究可为水稻机械直播技术与装备设计提供参考。