Authors

Abstract

In response to the issues of missed and repeated planting during the operation of the chain-spoon type potato planter in China, as well as the low recognition rate for missed planting and the difficulty in identifying repeated planting using existing detection methods, an innovative Potato Planter Missed and Repeated Planting Detection System has been designed. This system is built with a PLC as the lower-level controller and an industrial computer as the core, incorporating the YOLO object detection algorithm for detecting missed and repeated plantings during the operation of the potato planter. Using the YOLOv7-tiny object detection network model as the core, and combining model training with hardware integration, the system performs real-time detection of the potato seed situation within the seed spoon during the operation of the potato planter. It can quickly distinguish between normal planting, missed planting, and repeated planting scenarios. By incorporating the working principles of the planter, the system designs a positioning logic to identify the actual coordinates of missed and repeated planting locations when a lack or excess of planting is detected. This is achieved through the positioning module, enhancing the system's capability to accurately obtain coordinate information for actual missed and repeated planting positions. The system was deployed and tested on a 2CM-2C potato planter. The results indicate that the detection accuracy for missed and repeated plantings reached 96.07% and 93.98%, respectively. Compared to traditional sensor detection methods, the system improved the accuracy of missed planting detection by 5.29%. Additionally, it successfully implemented the functionality of detecting repeated plantings, achieving accurate monitoring of quality-related information during the operation of the potato planter.

Abstract in Chinese

针对我国链勺式马铃薯播种机作业过程中存在漏播、重播以及现有的检测方法对漏播的识别率较低且难以识别重播的问题，创新设计了一种以PLC为下位机，以工控机为核心搭载YOLO目标检测算法的马铃薯播种机漏重播检测系统。以YOLOv7-tiny目标检测网络模型为主体，经过模型训练与硬件相结合，在马铃薯播种机工作过程中对种勺内种薯情况进行实时检测，能够快速区分正常种、缺种及重种等情况。结合播种机的工作原理设计定位逻辑，实现在检测到缺种、重种情况时通过定位模块完成对实际漏播、重播位置坐标信息的获取。将该系统部署在2CM-2C马铃薯播种机上进行相关试验测试，结果表明：该系统对于漏播、重播的检测准确度分别达到96.07%与93.98%，与传统传感器检测方法相比，漏播检测精度提高5.29%，并且实现了重播检测的功能，实现对马铃薯播种机作业质量相关信息的准确检测。