Authors

Abstract

The seeder was tested and evaluated for field operations vibration characteristics in light of the issue that the spoon-wheel maize precision seeder vibrates due to the field operating conditions, which impairs the performance of the seed-metering device. During field testing, it was discovered that the seed-metering device vibrated greater as the forward speed increased, resulting in a higher peak vibration acceleration. However, fluctuations in forward speed did not affect the frequency distribution of the peak vibration acceleration. Time-domain and spectrogram investigations revealed that the vibration frequency of the seed-metering device was predominantly within 0~10 Hz for seeder operating speeds ranging from 2~6 km/h, with acceleration values spanning from 0.85~1.86 m/s2. An electromagnetic seeding test stand was established in response to the discoveries. The essential variables governing the seeding performance of the spoon-wheel seed-metering device were then investigated using orthogonal tests, such as forward speed, vibration frequency, and vibration acceleration. The empirical results elucidated a hierarchical relationship between these factors and seeding quality. Specifically, vibration frequency emerged to be the predominant factor, followed by vibration acceleration, and forward speed. The seeding quality of the seed-metering device was negatively correlated with increases in forward speed and vibration acceleration, which led to a lower qualified rate, higher leakage rate, and variation coefficient. Overall, the qualified rate, leakage rate, and variation coefficient were all significantly influenced by the three factors.

Abstract in Chinese

针对勺轮式玉米精量播种机受田间作业工况的影响而产生振动，从而影响排种器排种性能的问题，对播种机进行田间作业振动特性测试与分析。田间试验结果表明，随着前进速度的增加，排种器受到的振动越剧烈，振动加速度峰值越大。但是振动加速度峰值的频率分布不受前进速度影响。当播种机的田间作业速度为2~6 km/h时，通过时域和频谱图分析，发现排种器的振动主频集中在0~10 Hz，加速度范围为0.85~1.86 m/s2。搭建振动排种试验台，通过正交试验对影响勺轮式排种器排种性能的前进速度、振动频率、振动加速度三个因素进行试验研究。结果表明：影响合格指数的因素主次关系为振动频率、振动加速度、前进速度；随着前进速度和振动加速度的增加，会导致排种器的合格指数降低、漏播指数及变异系数上升；三个因素对合格指数、漏播指数和变异系数均有显著性影响。