Authors

Abstract

Aiming at the problems of low harvesting level of Chinese cabbage, high cost of manual operation and lack of special harvesting machinery, a double-row wheeled self-propelled Chinese cabbage harvester was designed on the basis of measuring the physical parameters of 'Zaofeng 01'Chinese cabbage varieties and combining with the main local planting patterns. It can complete the root cutting, pulling, clamping and conveying, packing and collecting of double-row Chinese cabbage at one time. Through the design and selection of the key working parts of the double-row wheel self-propelled Chinese cabbage harvester prototype, the key working parameters of the profiling device, the root cutting-pulling device and the clamping conveying device were determined. The kinematics analysis of the harvester in the profiling, cutting, pulling, clamping and conveying links was carried out, and the field operation performance test of the prototype was completed. The results showed that: when the rotation speed of the cutter was 280 r/min, the rotation speed of the clamping conveyor belt was 240 r/min, and the forward speed of the machine was 1.44 km/h, the maximum qualified rate of harvesting was 95.08 %, the minimum value was 90.65 %, and the average value was 93.79 %. At this time, the working performance of the working machine is stable, the harvesting effect is good, and all performance indicators meet the relevant design requirements and standards. The research results can provide reference for the development and structural improvement of Chinese cabbage low-loss harvesting equipment.

Abstract in Chinese

针对大白菜收获水平低、人工作业成本高、专用收获机械缺乏等问题，在测定“早丰01”大白菜品种物理参数并结合当地主要种植模式基础上，设计了一种双行轮式自走型大白菜收获机，一次性可完成双行大白菜的切根、起拔、夹持输送、装箱收集等作业。通过对双行轮式自走型大白菜收获机样机关键作业部件进行设计选型，确定了仿形装置、切根-起拔装置、夹持输送装置的关键工作参数；对收获机在仿形、切根、起拔、夹持输送环节进行了运动学分析，并完成了样机田间作业性能试验。试验结果表明，当割刀转速为280 r/min，夹持输送带转速为240 r/min，机具前进速度为1.44 km/h时，采收合格率最大值为95.08 %，最小值为90.65 %，平均值为93.79 %，此时作业机具工作性能稳定，收获效果良好，各项性能指标均达到相关设计要求和标准，研究成果可为大白菜低损收获装备开发及结构完善提供参考。