Authors

Abstract

A small-scale paddy rice transplanter for hilly and mountainous areas faces issues such as few suitable machines, poor transplanting results, and low adaptability and efficiency of large transplanters in small fields. To address these problems, a four-row small-scale paddy rice transplanter was designed, driven by an engine with chain transmission. The machine structure mainly consists of a frame, engine, paddy field wheels, seedling tray, transplanting mechanism, reversing gearbox, and electromagnetic clutch, with a total weight of only 50 kg, facilitating transportation and operation. MATLAB was used for kinematic simulation and analysis of the transplanting mechanism, plotting displacement diagrams of the seedling needles and motion characteristic curves of the transplanting mechanism. ANSYS software was employed for finite element analysis of key components to ensure they meet operational requirements. Experimental studies were conducted with transplanting speed as the experimental factor, using floating rate and missing insertion rate as test indicators. Results showed that under specified transplanting conditions, the floating rate stabilized at around 2.9% and the missing insertion rate at approximately 4.8%. These findings indicate that the designed small-scale transplanter can effectively meet the requirements for rice transplanting operations in hilly areas.

Abstract in Chinese

针对丘陵山区小地块的深泥脚田水稻种植机具少，插秧效果不佳，大型插秧机在小田块中适应性差、效率低等问题，设计了一款四行小型水稻插秧机，采用发动机驱动整机，链式传动。整机结构主要由机架、发动机、水田轮、秧盘和插秧机构、换向减速器和电磁离合器等组成，整机质量只有50kg，方便转运与作业。利用MATLAB对插秧机构进行方仿真分析，并编程绘制出秧针的位移图和插秧机构的运动特性曲线；利用ANSYS软件对关键部件进行有限元分析，确保所设计的零部件能满足使用要求；以漂秧率和漏插率为试验指标，插秧机前进速度为试验因素，进行试验研究，得到插秧机在规定范围内插秧作业时，漂秧率基本稳定在2.9%左右，漏插率基本在4.8%左右。结果表明，所设计的小型插秧机能够基本满足丘陵地区的水稻插秧作业。