Authors

Abstract

The complex vibration field in agricultural equipment during field operations not only predisposes key mechanical components to fatigue failure, but also leads to crop losses. This study introduces the Operating Transfer Path Analysis (OTPA) method to identify the vibration sources in the pickup header of a straw forage harvester. Finite element modal analysis, vibration testing, and operating transfer path analysis were conducted on the header frame. The findings indicate that excitation sources, including the hammer claw device, transmission, and dust box on the pickup header, are prone to resonant coupling with the header frame. The analysis reveals that the right transmission output shaft contributes 18.3% to the vertical vibrations on the right side panel of the frame. Meanwhile, the left transmission output shaft accounts for 29.4% of the horizontal vibrations on the left side panel. Additionally, the transmission input end is responsible for 54.8% of the horizontal vibrations on the front beam, while the dust box end contributes 45% to the forward vibrations on the rear beam. By identifying the primary transmission paths, the most effective strategies for the vibration reduction and optimization design of the pickup header can be developed. Furthermore, this study offers a theoretical foundation and experimental references for the vibration reduction optimization of other agricultural machinery.

Abstract in Chinese

农业装备在田间收获作业时复杂的振动场不仅易导致机械关键部件疲劳破坏，还会造成农作物收获损失。本研究引入工况传递路径分析方法（OTPA）作为识别秸秆饲料收获机捡拾割台振动原因的手段。对割台机架进行有限元模态分析、振动试验分析和工况传递路径分析。结果表明：捡拾割台上锤爪装置、变速箱以及除尘箱体等激励源易与割台机架发生共振耦合。其中，变速箱右输出端对机架右侧板竖直方向上振动贡献占比18.3%；变速箱左输出端对机架左侧板水平方向上振动贡献占比29.4%；变速箱输入端对机架前梁水平方向上振动贡献占比54.8%；除尘箱体轴承端对机架后梁前进方向上振动贡献占比45%。通过确定主要的传递路径，可为捡拾割台的减振优化设计制定最有效的改进方案。同时，本研究可为其他农业装备的减振优化提供理论依据和试验参考。