Authors

Abstract

In order to solve the problem of low efficiency and potential damage in the separation of Gentiana roots from soil, a reciprocating adjustable striking-vibration combined device was designed, along with its performance testing. The ranges of working parameters for the vibration mechanism, striking mechanism, and adjustable reciprocating mechanism were determined through dynamic analysis of the mechanisms and materials. The effects of vibration frequency (X1), crank speed (X2), and screw feed speed (X3) on the threshing efficiency (Y1) and damage percentage (Y2) were studied using a ternary quadratic regression orthogonal combination experimental method, combined with response surface analysis to explore the interaction effects of these factors on the indicators. A regression model was established through variance analysis. The significant factors affecting Y1 were X2, X3, and X1 in that order, while the significant factors affecting Y2 were X1, X3, and X2. In the interaction of factors, X1X2 significantly affected both Y1 and Y2; X1X3 had extremely significant impact on both Y1 and Y2; and X2X3 had extremely significant impact on Y1. The optimal working parameters for the root-soil separation device of Gentian were determined to be vibration frequency of 6 Hz, crank speed of 204 r/min, and screw feed speed of 15 mm/s. With this combination of parameters, experimental tests yielded a threshing efficiency of 90.8% and a damage percentage of 5.9%. The relative errors compared with the theoretical optimization results were less than 5%. This study meets requirements for the root-soil separation of Gentiana.

Abstract in Chinese

为解决龙胆脱土效率低、易损伤的问题，设计了一种往复调节式敲-振组合的龙胆根土分离装置，并对其进行设计和性能试验。对敲击机构进行动力学分析，对龙胆根土复合体在振动筛上的受力进行分析，确定振动机构、敲击机构及调节式往复运动机构的工作参数范围。采用三元二次回归正交组合试验方法，以振动装置振动频率、敲击装置曲柄转速、调节式往复运动装置丝杠进给速度为试验因素，以脱净率、损伤率为试验指标，实施试验并对其结果进行分析，建立影响因素与评价指标回归模型。结果表明：龙胆根土分离装置最优工作参数为振动频率6 Hz、曲柄转速204 r/min、丝杠进给速度15 mm/s，在此参数组合下进行试验台试验，得到龙胆根系脱净率为90.8%，损伤率为5.9%，与理论优化结果相对误差均小于5%。能够满足龙胆根土分离田间作业要求。