INTEGRATED UAV TECHNOLOGIES USED IN THE ANALYSIS OF THE CONDITION OF CROPS IN VINEYARDS AND ORCHARDS
TEHNOLOGII INTEGRATE UAV UTILIZATE ÎN ANALIZA STĂRII CULTURILOR DIN VII ȘI LIVEZI
DOI : https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-74-36
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Abstract
The use of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) technology or drones in the monitoring of vineyards and orchards offers multiple benefits, improving the monitoring, management, and productivity of crops. The main goal of this study was to implement a cost-effective integrated UAV technology that includes the necessary hardware and software elements for analyzing the health and growth of agricultural crops in general, with a particular focus on vineyards and orchards. Based on the analysis, agronomists, experts in the field, or ordinary farmers can implement appropriate management measures, such as adjusting the irrigation process, applying fertilizers or phytosanitary treatments, and potentially using shading for the crops. Continuous crop monitoring allows for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the implemented measures and the adjustment of the crop management strategy. Another important objective was the use of high-precision sensors that can be easily attached to a commercial civil drone. The developed system should have a compact size and low energy consumption and even allow for IoT connectivity. To collect and record data from these sensors, a program written in Python is used, containing specific blocks for data acquisition from each sensor to facilitate the monitoring of environmental factors or energy consumption. Experimental tests conducted in the orchard space at the Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering of the National University of Science and Technology Politehnica in Bucharest, Romania, led to the creation of maps showing the health status of the crops based on vegetation indices. The tests demonstrated that UAVs could rapidly cover large areas and collect detailed data without requiring extensive human resources or costly equipment. The results of the analysis of the drone's flight performance underscore the considerable potential of UAV technologies in revolutionizing precision agriculture, particularly in orchards, providing farmers with powerful tools to improve the sustainability and productivity of their crops.
Abstract in Romanian