Authors

Abstract

Currently, the compaction operations in rice seedling greenhouses are mostly performed manually or with simple machinery, resulting in significant discrepancies between the operational effects and requirements. Moreover, simple compaction machinery towed by small tractors cannot meet the dimensional requirements of rice seedling greenhouses. To address the issues of limited types of rice seedling compaction machinery and inability to meet the technical requirements for seedbed compaction quality, an eccentric compaction mechanism suitable for use in rice seedling greenhouses has been designed to reduce manual labor and improve soil firmness and evenness of seedbeds. Based on eccentric vibration theory, the motion equation of the leveling machine was established, and numerical simulations of the eccentric compaction mechanism were conducted using the RecurDyn-EDEM coupling method. Results indicate that the eccentric compaction mechanism effectively resolves the inability of traditional compaction devices to meet soil firmness requirements. Using a seedbed leveling machine independently developed by Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, parameter optimization experiments were conducted using a second-order orthogonal rotational combination simulation method. The optimized parameter combination was: forward speed of 0.708 m/s, eccentric shaft rotation speed of 63.23 rad/s, and counterweight box mass of 50.99 kg, resulting in soil firmness of 3156.554 kPa and evenness of 0.02573 m. The experimental results were within 5% relative error of the simulation optimization results, indicating that the seedbed soil firmness and evenness meet agronomic requirements and have practical application value.

Abstract in Chinese

目前水稻育秧大棚中的镇压夯实作业多为人力或简易机械完成，其作业效果与要求相差较大，且简易镇压机械由小型拖拉机牵引作业，无法适应水稻育秧大棚中的尺寸要求。针对水稻育秧镇压机械种类少，压实质量无法满足育秧苗床的技术要求问题，设计一种适用于水稻育秧大棚内的偏心镇压夯实机构，用于减少人力提高苗床土壤坚实度以及平整度。基于偏心激振理论，建立整平机运动方程，通过运用Recurdyn-EDEM耦合的方法对偏心镇压夯实机构进行数值模拟。结果表明：采用偏心镇压夯实机构有效解决传统镇压装置无法满足土壤坚实度要求。采用黑龙江八一农垦大学自主研发苗床整平机，应用二次正交旋转组合仿真试验方法进行参数优化试验，优化参数组合：机车前进速度为0.708 m/s，偏心轴转速为63.23 rad/s，配重箱质量为50.99 kg时，土壤坚实度为3156.554 kpa，平整度为0.02573 m。试验结果与仿真优化结果相对误差在5%之内，苗床土壤坚实度以及平整度达到农艺要求具有实际应用价值。