Authors

Abstract

In view of the serious pollution of traditional fuel machinery in facility agriculture production, in order to facilitate the operation of tractors in greenhouses, in this study, a small tracked electric tractor suitable for facility agriculture was designed and analysed. In the early stage of design, the basic frame of pure electric tractor was established, the final chassis layout is determined through force analysis and layout setting; after the three-dimensional modeling of the tractor structure, the finite element analysis using the software Ansys verified that the stiffness and strength of the frame met the design requirements; the dual-motor drive structure was optimized. The maximum deformation of the track chassis frame was 0.685 mm, the maximum equivalent elastic strain of the track chassis frame was 0.0131 mm, and the maximum stress of the track chassis frame was 25.818 MPa, which was less than the yield stress of the selected material of the frame. ADVISOR was used to simulate the electric tractor during rotary ploughing and unladen transport operations. The simulation results showed that the dual-motor drive mode saved more than 20% of energy consumption compared with the single-motor mode and the transmission efficiency was improved by about 17%, which improved the operational efficiency of the tractor, and provided theoretical and data support for the subsequent prototype production.

Abstract in Chinese

针对设施农业生产中传统燃油机具污染较为严重的问题，为了便于在温室大棚内开展拖拉机作业活动，本研究设计并分析了一种适用于设施农业的小型履带式电动拖拉机。在设计前期，确立了纯电动拖拉机的基本框架，通过受力分析和布局设置，确定了最终底盘布局；在对拖拉机结构进行三维建模后，使用软件Ansys进行有限元分析验证了车架刚度与强度满足设计要求；其中履带底盘车架的最大变形为0.685mm, 履带底盘车架的等效弹性应变最大值为0.0131mm, 履带底盘车架的最大应力是25.818MPa，小于车架选用材料的屈服应力。同时对双电机驱动结构进行优化，采用 ADVISOR 进行电动拖拉机在旋耕和空载运输作业时的模拟仿真，仿真结果表明，双电机驱动模式相比单电机模式能够节约能耗20%以上，且传动效率提升了17%左右，提高了拖拉机的作业效率，为后续样机试制提供了理论与数据支持。