Authors

Abstract

In response to technical challenges such as the difficulty in cutting long sweet potato vines in ridge furrows, low stem crushing rate, long stubble residues, and sweet high potato damage rate with the direct shredding and returning machine for sweet potato vines, this study conducted research on ridge furrow long vine removal and crushing technology, as well as optimization experiments on operating parameters. A ridge furrow boot-type vine picking knife structure, a "dynamic embedding static" shaft end anti-entanglement mechanism, and a ridge-like crushing chamber structure were designed. A high-efficiency sweet potato vine shredding and returning machine was developed, with ridge surface vine length qualification rate and ridge top stubble height as the main control indicators. The study conducted a 3-factor, 3-level orthogonal experiment in typical regions to analyze the factors of machine forward speed, knife roller speed, and ground clearance height, which significantly influence the performance. The results indicate that the optimal working parameters for the sweet potato vine cutting machine are a knife roller speed of 2000 r/min, a forward speed of 0.6 m s-1, and a ground clearance height of 10 mm. The vine crushing length qualification rate reached 94%, and the stubble height of 5.3 cm exceeded the various indicators, meeting the agricultural requirements for sweet potato harvesting.

Abstract in Chinese

针对甘薯秧蔓直接粉碎还田机械垄沟秧难切断、茎秆粉碎率低、留茬长、伤薯率高等技术难题，本文开展了垄沟长蔓清除粉碎技术研究、作业参数最优化试验研究，设计了垄沟靴型挑秧刀结构，“动嵌静”轴端防缠绕机构和仿垄形粉碎仓机构，研制了一款高清除性甘薯秧蔓粉碎还田机，以垄面薯蔓长度合格率和垄顶留茬高度为主控指标，将机具前进速度、刀辊转速和离地高度这三个显著影响指标的因素在典型地区进行3因素3水平正交试验。结果表明甘薯切蔓机的最优工作参数：刀辊转速为2000r/min，前进速度为0.6m/s，离地高度为10mm。薯蔓粉碎长度合格率94%，留茬高度5.3cm高于各项指标，满足了甘薯收获农艺要求。