Authors

Abstract

To solve the problems of slow system response speed and poor uniformity of seeding and fertilizer application, this paper designs a control system for synchronized corn seeding and precision hole fertilization. A sliding mode control method with integral variable structure and disturbance observer composite (ISMDO-SMC) is proposed. Furthermore, a three-factor, five-level quadratic orthogonal rotation combination experiment was conducted to develop a mathematical model for parameter optimization using a multi-objective variable optimization method. Simulation results from four algorithms were compared, revealing a regulation time of 0.42 seconds, a recovery time to steady state of 0.13 seconds, and a descending rotational speed of 2.5 r/min, which demonstrates the strongest dynamic response and stability. Moreover, the optimal parameter combination was determined to be the forward speed of 2.8 km/h, the fertilizer discharge shaft speed of 42 r/min, and the fertilizer discharger opening of 5.5 mm, resulting in the fertilizer application error of 1.7 g and the seed-fertilizer spacing error of 2.2 mm. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for achieving efficient and stable seeding and fertilization operations.

Abstract in Chinese

为了解决系统响应速度慢和播种施肥均匀性差的问题，本文设计了一种同步玉米播种与穴施肥的控制系统。提出了一种基于积分变量结构和扰动观测器复合的滑模控制方法。此外，采用三因素五水平的二次正交旋转组合实验，通过多目标变量优化方法建立了参数优化的数学模型。通过比较四种算法的仿真结果，得出该系统的调节时间为0.42秒，恢复稳态时间为0.13秒，下降转速为2.5 r/min，表明其具有最强的动态响应和稳定性。进一步，优化的参数组合为前进速度2.8 km/h，施肥轴转速42 r/min，施肥器开度5.5 mm，在此条件下，施肥误差为1.7 g，种肥间距误差为2.2 mm。该研究结果为实现高效稳定的播种施肥作业提供了理论依据。