Authors

Abstract

To address the challenges of high moisture content and the difficulty of peeling corn cobs in certain regions during harvest, a novel peeling device was developed. The device uses directional friction to peel the cob after introducing scratches on the bracts. Mechanical and kinematic analyses were conducted to study the peeling process, along with the design of the scratching mechanism. High-speed camera technology was employed to observe the peeling process, confirming that the peeling rollers effectively gripped the bracts at the scratched points. A three-factor, three-level response surface optimization experiment was carried out, using peeling roller speed, pressing wheel speed, and the distance between the pressing wheel and the peeling roller as independent variables, with bract peeling rate and grain shedding rate as the response indicators. The results showed that at a peeling roller speed of 353.2 r·min⁻¹, a pressing wheel speed of 81.42 r·min⁻¹, and a distance of 37.16 mm between the pressing wheel and the peeling roller, the bract peeling rate reached 95.67% with a grain shedding rate of 1.45%. Validation tests under these conditions yielded a bract peeling rate of 93.33% and a grain shedding rate of 1.56%, meeting the operational requirements for efficient corn peeling.

Abstract in Chinese

针对部分地区大田玉米在收获时其含水率高剥皮困难等问题，设计了一款在果穗苞叶上划痕后定向摩擦去皮的剥皮装置。对果穗剥皮过程进行力学与运动学分析，并对划痕装置进行设计。采用高速摄像技术对果穗剥皮过程进行研究并验证了剥皮辊在苞叶划痕处能有效的抓取到苞叶。以剥皮辊转速、压送器转速和压送器距剥皮辊间距作为试验因素，以苞叶剥净率和籽粒损失率作为试验指标，进行三因素三水平响应曲面优化试验。结果表明: 当剥皮辊转速为353.2 r·min-1、压送器转速为81.42 r·min-1、压送器距剥皮辊间距为37.16mm时，此时苞叶剥净率为95.67%，籽粒损失率为1.45%。在该条件下开展验证试验，得到苞叶剥净率、籽粒损失率分别为93.33%、1.56%，满足玉米剥皮要求。