RESEARCH ON ROOT PRUNING METHODS APPLIED TO ORCHARD TREES
CERCETARI PRIVIND METODE DE TAIERE A RADACILOR POMILOR FRUCTIFERI
DOI : https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-75-95
Authors
Abstract
Root pruning is a widely adopted practice in modern orchard management, with the primary goal of stimulating regeneration and optimizing annual fruit production. There are numerous researches on the architecture of the root system of trees, the volume and depth of root development, as well as the importance of cutting them in fruit growing. Also, the specialized literature presents different types of equipment intended for cutting roots, but there are few studies that address aspects related to the resistance forces encountered during this work. This paper presents research conducted using a specialized root-cutting implement equipped with a chisel-type blade. The study outlines the technical characteristics and performance indicators of the equipment, which was tested on various soil types to evaluate its working parameters. As a result of the experiments, the following were determined: the root cutting resistance at different working depths and across three soil categories - sandy, clayey, and loamy - as well as the corresponding working speeds required to maintain efficient operation under maximum tractor power conditions. Using the experimentally determined values, the variation diagrams of these indices were plotted, such as: the stress distribution diagram and the speed variation depending on the cutting resistance, the maximum total cutting resistances were identified, at the maximum depth of 50 cm, at the most unfavorable blade inclination angle of 45°. The maximum values determined for these were 768.5 daN for sandy soil, 1185.5 daN for clay soil and 1602.5 daN for loamy soil. These results highlight the influence of soil type and working parameters on the mechanical stresses of the blade during root pruning work in fruit plantations.
Abstract in Romanian