Authors

Abstract

In response to the problems of low unloading height, small collection tank capacity, and high ear damage rate during grain collection in the fresh corn combine harvester, a large collection tank with buffering and shock absorption mechanism and high unloading height was designed based on the 4YX-6 fresh corn combine harvester, which is a fully hydraulic driven fresh corn combine harvester. The device mainly consists of a box body, a buffering and shock-absorbing mechanism, a grain unloading extension mechanism, an electro-hydraulic system, etc. According to the agronomic requirements for fresh corn cultivation, the volume of the grain collection tank is designed to be 10 m3. According to the height range of the grain receiving truck during the harvest of fresh corn, the unloading stroke height of the grain collection box is designed to be 2.9 m~4.4 m. To achieve synchronization of lifting and flipping actions during high-level unloading, a synchronous series hydraulic system is designed. Conduct force analysis on the drop of fruit ears to the bottom of the grain collection box and design a buffering and shock-absorbing mechanism. The designed grain collection box was installed on the 4YX-6 fresh corn combine harvester for field experiments, with ear damage rate and unloading time as performance indicators. The results showed that the ear damage rate ranged from 0.5% to 0.8%, the unloading time was from74 s to 126 s,and there were no safety issues such as deformation or tilting of the device during operation. The ear damage rate met the standards, and the working performance was stable, meeting the operational requirements.

Abstract in Chinese

针对鲜食玉米联合收获机卸粮高度低、集粮箱容积小、集粮时果穗损伤率高的问题，基于4YX-6型鲜食玉米联合收获机设计了具备缓冲减震机构、可高位卸粮的全液压驱动鲜食玉米联合收获机大型集粮箱。该装置主要由箱体、缓冲减震机构、卸粮延长机构、电液系统等组成。根据鲜食玉米种植的农艺技术要求，将集粮箱容积设计为10 m3。根据鲜食玉米收获期间接粮车的厢体高度范围，将集粮箱卸粮行程高度设计为2.9 m ~ 4.4 m，为实现高位卸粮时升举、翻转动作的同步性，设计了同步串联式液压系统。对果穗掉落到集粮箱底部时进行受力分析，设计缓冲减震机构。将设计的集粮箱安装在4YX-6型鲜食玉米联合收获机上进行田间试验，以果穗破损率和卸粮时间为性能指标，结果表明：果穗损伤率范围在0.5% ~ 0.8%，卸粮时间在74 s~126 s，作业过程中装置未出现形变、倾斜等安全性问题，果穗损伤率符合标准，工作性能稳定，满足作业要求。