Authors

Abstract

To address the challenges of low mechanization in harvesting and the high damage rate of fresh corn, this paper proposes a cutter-stalk pulling roller type tassel picking mechanism designed to achieve low-damage tassel picking and fresh corn harvesting. Using high-speed camera technology and pressure testing, a kinematic analysis of the tassel picking process was conducted. A three-factor, three-level orthogonal experimental design was employed to systematically investigate the effects of forward speed, stalk-pulling roller rotational speed, and cutter clearance on operational quality. The results showed that the picker maintained the force at the bottom of the corn cob below 35 N, effectively reducing mechanical damage. Under the conditions of a forward speed of 0.40 m/s, stalk-pulling roller speed of 420 r/min, and cutter clearance of 34 mm, the cob damage rate was 0.05%, and the impurity rate was 0.62%. These findings provide a valuable basis for the optimization and further improvement of single-row fresh corn cob picking cutters.

Abstract in Chinese

针对鲜食玉米机械化采收程度不高且损伤率高的问题，本文设计了一款切刀－拉茎辊式摘穗机构，旨在实现对鲜食玉米低损伤摘穗收获。基于高速摄像技术和压力测试试验对摘穗过程进行运动学解析，采用三因素三水平正交试验设计，系统探究前进速度、拉茎辊转速和切刀间隙对作业质量的影响。试验结果表明：该摘穗机能够使玉米果穗底端受力控制在35N以下，能够有效减少机械损伤。当前进速度0.4m/s、拉茎辊转速420 r/min、切刀间隙34mm，此时果穗损伤率为0.05%，含杂率为0.62%，研究结果可为单行鲜食玉米摘穗割台的优化改进提供依据与参考。