Authors

Abstract

To address issues such as soil compaction, plough layer damage, and hardpan formation caused by long-term use of rotary tillage and conventional ploughing, a winged subsoiler shovel was designed based on the soil characteristics of the black soil region in Northeast China. A mechanical contact model between the subsoiler shovel and soil was established to identify the design factors affecting the operational quality of the shovel. Using discrete element simulation technology, a shovel-soil interaction model was constructed. Through a quadratic regression rotational orthogonal design test, the effects of shovel structural parameters on soil disturbance area were determined. Taking the maximization of soil disturbance area as the objective, the shovel parameters were optimized. The optimal parameter combination was obtained as follows: shovel tip entry angle of 21°, wing inclination angle of 28°, and wing width of 104 mm, resulting in a maximum soil disturbance area of 1699.80 cm². A bench verification test was subsequently conducted, showing an actual soil disturbance area of 1666.08 cm². The test results were consistent with the simulation optimization results, confirming that the optimal parameter combination meets operational requirements and satisfies agronomic needs for deep loosening.

Abstract in Chinese

针对于长期使用旋耕、翻耕等耕整地方式造成土壤板结、犁地层破坏、犁底层板结等问题，基于中国东北黑土区土壤特性设计了一种带翼式深松铲。建立了深松铲与土壤间的力学接触模型，确定了影响深松铲作业质量的深松铲设计因素。应用离散元仿真技术，建立了深松铲-土壤仿真模型，通过二次回归旋转正交组合试验，确定了深松铲结构参数对土壤扰动面积的影响规律，以土壤扰动面积最大化为目标，对深松铲参数进行优化求解，深松铲的最优参数组合为：铲尖入地角为21°、铲翼倾角为28°、铲翼宽度为104mm时，土壤扰动面积最大，土壤扰动面积为1699.80cm2。得出最优参数后进行台架验证试验，台架试验结果表明：实际土壤扰动面积为1666.08cm2，试验结果与仿真优化结果基本一致，最优参数组合符合作业要求，满足深松农艺要求。