Authors

Abstract

To investigate the effects of different fertilization treatments on rice growth, nutrient uptake, and nutrient loss in paddy fields, the study was conducted in Jiansanjiang Qixing Farm, Company 36, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province as the experimental site. A total of six treatment groups (G1-G6) were set up with different fertilization methods and fertilizer application rates. The data demonstrated that the number of tillers increased by 61.4% in G2 and 80.4% in G3 compared to G1. The number of tillers in G6 was 489×104/hm2, which decreased by 13.6% compared to G3. At tillering stage, the nitrogen content of G1, G2 and G3 stems was 2.08, 2.19 and 2.51%, respectively. The cumulative loss of potassium in paddy fields was 0.19 kg/hm2, 0.59 kg/hm2 and 0.41 kg/hm2 for G1, G2 and G3, respectively. The results indicated that the use of mechanical side deep fertilization could bring many advantages to rice compared to the traditional manual fertilization method, including an increase in the number of tillers and plant height, as well as an increase in the leaf area index and dry material accumulation. At the same level of fertilization, the mechanical side deep fertilization method resulted in less ammonia volatilization, which would contribute to reducing ammonia volatilization from the paddy field and allow more nitrogen to be stored by the paddy field. In addition, the cumulative loss of runoff from the paddy field was reduced by the mechanical side deep fertilization treatment compared to manual fertilization. The study provides a useful reference for optimizing rice cultivation techniques to improve yield and reduce nutrient losses.

Abstract in Chinese

为研究不同施肥处理对水稻生长、养分吸收和养分流失的影响，本研究以黑龙江省佳木斯市三十六连建三江七星农场为试验地。试验共设 6 个处理组（G1-G6），施肥方法和施肥量各不相同。数据表明，与 G1 相比，G2 的分蘖数增加了 61.4%，G3 增加了 80.4%。G6 的分蘖数为 489×104/hm2，比 G3 减少了 13.6%。在分蘖期，G1、G2 和 G3 茎的含氮量分别为 2.08%、2.19% 和 2.51%。G1、G2 和 G3 的稻田钾累积损失量分别为 0.19 kg/hm2、0.59 kg/hm2 和 0.41 kg/hm2。结果表明，与传统的人工施肥方法相比，使用机械侧深施肥能给水稻带来许多好处，包括增加分蘖数和株高、提高叶面积指数和干物质积累。在施肥量相同的情况下，机械侧深施肥法减少了氨的挥发，有助于减少稻田的氨挥发，使稻田储存更多的氮。此外，机械侧深层施肥处理还减少了水田径流的累积损失。