Authors

Abstract

Crop straw is a key feed raw material processed by straw mills, but traditional mills have been hindered bulky structures, high power consumption, and low productivity. Previous research has primarily focused on optimizing the hammer structure, often overlooking the baffle, despite its considerable weight and lack of specific design applications. This study addresses that gap by optimizing the baffle design of the HQ-800 straw mill, simplifying it using a double-baffle framework. The force analysis considered gravity, hammer centrifugal force, shaft centrifugal force, main shaft torque, and material impact. Deformation and stress nephograms revealed that the area between the hammer shaft holes required structural improvement. Two optimization schemes - flat and curved - were compared. The curved design reduced maximum deformation to 29.007 μm, compared to 52.009 μm for the flat design, making it the preferred approach. Key parameters, including cutting circle diameter, center distance, and baffle thickness, were optimized using a three-factor, three-level orthogonal test, resulting in preliminary values of 200 mm, 250 mm, and 12.5 mm, respectively. Subsequent Box–Behnken testing refined these parameters to optimal values: 209 mm, 256 mm, and 12 mm. Under these conditions, the straw mill achieved a productivity of 1673 kg/h and a power consumption of 10.42 kWh/t. Compared to the unoptimized design, the optimized mill reduced volume by 44.46%, increased productivity by 5.89%, and lowered power consumption by 14.10%, fully meeting the design objectives.

Abstract in Chinese

通过秸秆粉碎机加工农作物秸秆是饲料重要来源，粉碎机隔板是关键结构，传统秸秆粉碎机隔板结构不合理导致能耗高和生产效率低等问题。针对该问题，本文以HQ-800型秸秆粉碎机的隔板为优化对象，简化了试验模型，进行了受力分析和有限元分析，明确了优化位置为各锤轴孔之间的区域，通过方案对比，选择弧面优化方案。采用三因素三水平虚拟仿真正交试验，以最大变形量为评价指标，得到隔板初步优化尺寸为切割圆直径200 mm，圆心距250 mm，隔板厚度12.5 mm。采用Box-Benhnken试验方法开展了样机试验验证。试验结果表明：当切割圆直径209 mm，圆心距256 mm，隔板厚度12 mm时，粉碎机效率最高且能耗最低，生产率1673 kg/h，吨料电耗10.42 kW·h/t，相比未优化前，体积减少44.46%，生产率提高5.89%，吨料电耗降低14.10%，试验结果满足设计要求，为结构粉碎机的结构设计优化提供了理论支撑。