Authors

Abstract

To address the issue of the lack of suitable integrated harvesters for the soybean-corn intercropping mode in China, this paper designs a 4DYZ-4/2 model soybean-corn integrated harvester header and develops a reliable integrated header with low loss rates during harvesting. This header integrates functions such as snapping soybean stalks, separating soybean and corn, corn snapping and conveying, corn cob cutting, and soybean stem conveying, with innovative structural adjustments to the overall frame, ensuring efficient harvesting of soybeans and corn while reducing the labor intensity of operators. Based on the characteristics and requirements of the soybean-corn intercropping mode, the operational performance parameters and key parts were optimized. The main design parameters include: a header width of 1400 mm, a divider width of 400 mm, a header row spacing of 450 mm, a reel radius of 550 mm, six snapping rollers, a snap roller speed of 4.8 m/s, and a reel rotational speed of 1314 rpm. Field test results show that the header achieves a soybean loss rate of 1.28% and a corn loss rate of 1.42%. The research results confirm the reliability and practicality of this header design, providing technical support for soybean-corn intercropping integrated harvesting.

Abstract in Chinese

针对我国大豆玉米带状复合种植模式下，无成熟适用一体化收获机的问题，本文设计了一种适配于4DYZ-4/2型大豆玉米一体化收获机的大豆玉米一体化割台，旨在研究一款能够具有较高收获性能并降低割台损失的一体化割台。该割台集成了两行摘穗板式玉米割台和4行大豆专用割台；一体化割台具有玉米拨禾、玉米摘穗和输送、玉米秸秆切割还田、大豆分禾、大豆切割和输送等功能，创新性地采用整体机架结构，确保大豆、玉米同时收获，显著降低机手的劳动强度。基于大豆玉米带状复合种植的特性及农艺要求，通过对相关部件的工作参数分析，设计优化了关键部件：大豆割台拨禾轮半径550 mm、6幅拨禾轮、大豆割台宽度1400mm，玉米割台分禾器宽度400mm、割台行距450mm，拨禾链线速度4.8m/s，拉茎辊转速1314rpm。田间验证结果表明，该割台实际大豆损失率为1.42%，玉米损失率1.28%。研究结果验证了该割台设计的可靠性和实用性，为我国大豆玉米带状复合种植一体化收获提供了装配支撑。