Authors

Abstract

In China’s algae farming, ropes are widely used for seedling cultivation and suspension, requiring fast and reliable uncoupling during harvest. However, current kelp harvesting faces issues like complex rope connections, low unlocking efficiency, and poor reusability. To address this, a PLC-controlled rapid disengagement system was developed. The proposed system employs a button with self-locking functionality, coupled with a magnetically controlled disengagement device, to achieve automated unfastening of seedling ropes without damaging the suspension rope. The paper presents the components and operating principle of the locking device. To address the force characteristics of the seedling rope during the disengagement process, a dual-fingered pusher configuration was designed. The use of an involute trajectory enabled stable extraction of the rope from the locking groove. A Delta PLC was employed as the central controller, and an execution system comprising of an electric push rod, proximity sensors, magnetic adsorption module, and rope-pulling motor was developed to achieve automated control of lock correction, magnetic positioning, unlocking, and rope disengagement. Experimental results indicated that the system achieved the highest disengagement success rate of 96.67% when the guiding slot clearance was 14 mm, the haulage rope speed was 40 mm/s, and the pusher length was 45 mm, demonstrating stable and reliable device performance

Abstract in Chinese

在我国海藻养殖过程中，绳索广泛应用于苗体的吊挂和培育，收获阶段对苗绳与绠绳的快速可靠脱扣提出了更高要求。然而，当前海带收获普遍存在连接方式复杂、解扣效率低、结构不可重复使用等问题。为此，本文开发了一种基于 PLC 控制的海带苗绳快速脱扣系统。该系统采用具有自锁功能的按钮结构，结合磁控脱扣装置，实现苗绳在不损伤吊绳的 前提下自动解扣。文中介绍了锁扣结构的组成与工作原理。针对苗绳在脱扣过程中的受力特性，设计了双拨指结构 并利用渐开线轨迹实现苗绳从挂接槽中的稳定拨出。控制系统以台达 PLC 为核心，配套电动推杆、接近传感器、磁吸 模块及拨绳电机，实现了锁扣矫正、磁吸定位、解锁与苗绳脱出的全流程自动控制。试验结果表明，当导向槽间隙为 14 mm、绠绳行进速度为 40 mm/s、拨指长度为 45 mm 时，系统脱扣成功率最高可达 96.67%，装置运行稳定可靠。