Authors

Abstract

To address problems such as low working efficiency and the difficulty of manual seed filling during seed breeding with a soybean plot seeder, a new type of automatic seed filling device with a rotational disc was designed. The design integrates a rotational seed disc coupled with seed cups. The automatic seed filling device consists of a mechanical part and an electrical control part. The mechanical part includes seed cups, a seed plate, a base, and a mounting bracket, while the electrical control part includes a PLC, motor, and driver. By analysing the soybean seed delivery process, the factors influencing the design of the seed cup structure were identified, and key structural design and parameter analysis of the seed cup were conducted. Field test results showed that the minimum qualification rate of seed cup offset was 98.78%, and the minimum qualification rate of seed filling without seed breakage was 96.18%. These results demonstrate good accuracy and reliability, meeting the agronomic requirements of field seeding with plot seeders, and the experimental performance reached the design expectations.

Abstract in Chinese

针对现有小区大豆播种机田间育种试验过程中，需要人工频繁更换不同品种种子，换种效率低的问题，研究设计一种新型的自动转盘式小区大豆播种机自动供种装置。整个供种装置采用转盘式的圆形种盘与种杯组合的方式，使用 PLC 控制工作过程，完成小区大豆播种机播种过程中的自动换种。该自动供种装置包括机械部分和电控部分，其中机械部分由种杯、种盘、底座、安装支架等组成。电控部分由 PLC、电机、驱动器等组成。通过对大豆种子送种作业过程分析，得到影响种杯结构设计的因素，开展了种杯关键结构的设计与参数分析。田间试验结果表明：种杯的偏移量合格率最小为98.78%，种子无破碎供种合格率最小为96.18%，具有较好的准确性和可靠性，符合小区播种机上种的实际田间农艺要求，试验效果达到设计要求。