Authors

Abstract

At present, peanuts are predominantly harvested using a two-stage harvesting method. During the digging and laying stage, peanut plants are generally laid sideways for drying. Owing to differences in light exposure and air permeability, the moisture content of the pods becomes non-uniform, which adversely affects subsequent picking and harvesting operations. To address these issues, a two-ridge, four-row directional inversion peanut digging and spreading harvester was designed based on the plant directional inversion mechanism. Field experiments demonstrated that the primary operating parameters influencing peanut inversion and laying performance were clamping height, conveying speed, and the horizontal inclination angle of the clamping chain. Using peanut inversion degree and pod loss rate as evaluation indicators, an orthogonal experimental design was employed to determine the optimal parameter combination: clamping height of 170 mm, conveying speed of 1.5 m/s, and clamping chain inclination angle of 15°. Field test results showed that, after clamping, conveying, and inversion operations, the peanut inversion degree reached 94.4%, while the pod loss rate was limited to 3.5%.

Abstract in Chinese

现阶段花生主要采取两段式收获方式，挖掘铺放环节多采取植株侧向铺放晾晒，由于光照和透气性等因素造成荚果含水率不一致，进而影响后续捡拾收获作业。针对上述问题，基于植株定向翻转机理，设计了一种两垄四行定向翻转式花生挖掘铺放收获机。通过田间试验明确影响花生翻转放铺的主要作业参数为夹持高度、输送速度及链条水平倾角。以花生倒置度和掉果率为试验指标，通过开展正交试验确定最优组合参数为：夹持高度170 mm、输送速度1.5 m/s、夹持链条倾角15°。田间试验结果表明，经过夹持输送翻转放铺后的花生倒置度为94.4%，花生掉果率为3.5%。