Authors

Abstract

During straw removal, bale collection, transportation, and stacking are key factors affecting efficiency and labor intensity. Conventional traction-type machines involve fragmented operations and low automation, requiring extensive manual work. To address this, a self-propelled rectangular-bale pickup and stacking machine integrating pickup, conveying, stacking, and unloading was developed. Its structure and working principles were analyzed, emphasizing the innovative pickup, tilting, and hydraulic systems. Field tests showed an operating speed of 15 km/h, pickup efficiency of 360 bales/h, and bale integrity above 98%. The machine significantly improves efficiency, adaptability, and automation, offering a novel solution for intelligent straw removal.

Abstract in Chinese

秸秆离田过程中，方捆的收集、运输与堆垛是决定作业效率与劳动强度的核心环节。长期以来，国内外农机装备多依赖牵引式捡拾机具，作业环节分散，自动化水平低，且需大量人工参与，不仅劳动强度大，还造成作业效率低和秸秆利用率不高。为解决这一问题，本文研制了一种自走式方捆捡拾码垛机，该机创新性地将捡拾、输送、码垛和卸载等环节集成于自走式平台，实现了一体化、自动化、高效化作业。本文系统介绍了整机结构与工作原理，重点分析了捡拾机构、翻转码垛机构和液压控制系统的创新设计，并通过田间试验验证了其性能。试验结果表明，该机的作业速度可达15km/h，捡拾效率可达360捆/h，运输速度可达30km/h，方捆完整率超过98%，破损率低于2%。与传统牵引式机具相比，该设备在作业效率、适应性和自动化水平方面均表现出显著优势。本研究为秸秆高效离田与农机装备智能化发展提供了一种新型解决方案，具有广泛推广应用价值。