Authors

Abstract

To improve fertilization accuracy and spatial uniformity in rice production, a simple variable fertilization device was developed based on field sampling data and model optimization. Soil nutrient data from Hong-he Farm, Heilongjiang Province, China, were used to generate fertilization prescription maps using bilinear interpolation, and the interpolation accuracy was evaluated by the MAE, RMSE, and R², supplemented by t-tests and Q-Q plots. The results showed satisfactory accuracy, with MAE of 2.61, RMSE of 4.2, and R² of 0.74. Based on the prescription map, a variable fertilization device with a fertilizer impeller and adjustable baffle was EDEM simulations and bench tests were conducted to analyze the effects of impeller speed, forward speed, and baffle angle on fertilizer distribution uniformity and breakage rate. Response surface analysis indicated that all factors had significant effects. The optimal parameters were an impeller speed of 65.6 rad/min, a forward speed of 0.39 m/s, and a baffle angle of 54°, achieving a distribution deviation of 8.54% and a breakage rate of 9.16%. The results demonstrate that the proposed device is suitable for precision fertilization in paddy fields.

Abstract in Chinese

为了提高水稻生产的施肥精度和空间均匀性，本研究基于田间采样数据和模型优化，开发了一种简易的可变施肥装置。利用中国黑龙江省红河农场的土壤养分数据，采用双线性插值法生成施肥处方图，并通过平均绝对误差（MAE）、均方根误差（RMSE）和决定系数（R²）评估插值精度，并辅以t检验。结果表明，该方法具有令人满意的精度，MAE为2.61，RMSE为4.2，R²为0.74。基于该处方图，设计了一种带有肥料叶轮和可调挡板的可变施肥装置。通过EDEM模拟和台架试验，分析了叶轮转速、前进速度和挡板角度对肥料分布均匀性和破碎率的影响。响应面分析表明，所有因素均有显著影响。最佳参数为：叶轮转速 65.6 rad/min，前进速度 0.39 m/s，挡板角度 54°，此时播撒偏差为 8.54%，破碎率为 9.16%。结果表明，该装置适用于水稻田精准施肥。