Authors

Abstract

The accuracy of seed placement is critical for achieving uniform plant spacing in the field. During seeding operations, the final seed placement is influenced by multiple factors. Irregular bouncing and rolling caused by seeds colliding with the walls of the seed guide tube during discharge is a key factor leading to low seeding uniformity. To investigate the optimal structural parameters and operational parameter ranges for the seed movement constraint device designed in this study, a kinematic analysis of its operational process was conducted. This analysis evaluated the device's operational effectiveness and the uniformity of seed placement.A multi-factor experiment was designed using central composite design and seed placement/posture detection technology. The experimental factors included buffer plate length, horizontal installation position of the guide plate, and working speed of the seed distributor. The experimental indicators were pass rate and coefficient of variation. Experimental results were processed and optimized using Design Expert-13 software. The most ideal combination was determined to be: a buffer plate length of 87.55mm, and a guide plate horizontal installation position of 22.57mm. At these settings, seed placement uniformity and stability were optimal, with a seed placement qualification index of 93.431% and a coefficient of variation of 9.324%. This confirms the rationality of the designed seed movement restraint device.

Abstract in Chinese

播种作业过程中，种子的最终落种位置受到多种因素的综合影响，投种过程中种子与导种管壁弹跳产生的不规则碰撞引起的弹跳是导致播种平稳性低的关键影响因素。为了探究本课题设计的种子运动约束装置最优结构参数与工作参数组合范围，对种子运动约束装置的工作过程进行了运动学分析，分析种子运动约束装置的作业效果以及种子的落种均匀性。通过中心组合试验和落点落姿检测技术设计多因素试验，以缓冲挡板的长度、引导板水平安装位置以及排种器的工作转速作为试验因素，以合格指数和变异系数作为试验指标，运用Design Expert-13软件对实验结果进行处理优化，得到在机具前进速度为5.72km/h、缓冲挡板长度为87.55mm和引导板水平安装位置为22.57mm时，落种均匀性及稳定性最佳，此时播种合格指数和变异系数分别为 93.431%和9.324%，由此得出所设计种子运动约束装置合理。