Authors

Abstract

The objective of this study is to address the challenges associated with manual and labor-intensive plum harvesting operations in hilly mountainous regions. To this end, a crawler-type plum harvester has been developed, taking into account the unique characteristics of plum orchards in these environments. The harvester utilizes a principle of excitation and vibration to dislodge the plum fruits, thereby facilitating the harvesting process. In order to explore the main factors affecting plum fruit shedding under vibration conditions, a plum vibration mechanics model was constructed. By solving the model, the main factors affecting fruit vibration shedding were determined to be the vibration frequency A and the vibration amplitude ω. Subsequently, simulation tests were conducted on the plum tree utilizing the ANSYS software, thereby ascertaining the vibration frequency of plum vibratory harvesting to range from 6.60 Hz to 9.43 Hz. Finally, the field test was conducted to determine the optimal vibration frequency for plum vibration harvesting. The net harvesting rate and loss rate were selected as the test indices. The results of the field test verified the reliability of the plum vibration mechanics model, with the optimal vibration frequency determined to be 7–8 Hz.

Abstract in Chinese

本研究针对丘陵山区李子收获作业多以人工为主、劳动强度大的问题，根据丘陵山区李子园种植环境设计了一款履带式李子采收机，采用激发振动原理使李子果实脱落，实现采摘作业。为探究振动条件下，影响李子果实脱落的主要因素，构建了李子振动力学模型，通过对模型求解，确定了影响果实振动脱落的主要因素为振动频率A和振动幅度ω。然后，利用ANSYS软件对李子树进行仿真试验，确定李子振动采收的振动频率范围为6.60 Hz~9.43 Hz。最后，通过田间试验以采净率和损失率作为试验指标，确定李子振动采收最佳的振动频率为7~8 Hz，验证了李子振动力学模型的可靠性。