Authors

Abstract

To improve the utilization rate of rice straw remaining in the field after harvest, a pickup device suitable for collecting rice straw was designed, enabling the secondary utilization of crop residues. A solid model of the pickup device was developed using SolidWorks software, and kinematic simulation analysis of the virtual prototype was performed using ADAMS software. By adjusting the ratio between the pickup device speed and the forward speed of the machine, the motion trajectory of the spring teeth on the pickup roller was modified. The optimal rotational speed range of the pickup roller for achieving the best pickup performance was determined to be 54–137 r/min. A discrete element simulation system was established to model the soil–straw–implement interaction during the pickup operation using Python and EDEM software. Using Design-Expert software, a three-factor, three-level orthogonal experimental design was conducted to determine the optimal combination of operational parameters for the pickup device, including forward speed, pickup roller speed, and ground clearance. Field test results indicated that when the machine forward speed was 4.45 km/h, the pickup roller speed was 90.16 r/min, and the ground clearance was 27.73 mm, the rice straw pickup rate reached 97.22%, indicating that the machine achieved optimal straw pickup performance under these operating conditions.

Abstract in Chinese

为提高田间收获后水稻农作物秸秆的离田利用率，设计了一种适用于收集水稻秸秆的捡拾装置，实现了农作物废弃秸秆的二次利用。利用SolidWorks软件进行捡拾装置的实体建模，在ADAMS软件中对虚拟样机进行运动学仿真分析，通过控制捡拾装置转速与机器前进速度的比值改变捡拾滚筒上弹齿的运动轨迹，获得使机器具备最佳捡拾效果的捡拾滚筒转速范围54~137 r/min。运用Python与EDEM软件建立土壤-秸秆-机具互相作用的离散元仿真系统进行捡拾作业仿真试验，运用Design-Expert软件开展三因素三水平正交组合试验，得到捡拾装置最佳的前进速度、滚筒速度和离地高度等作业参数组合。田间试验结果表明，当机具前进速度为4.45 km/h，捡拾滚筒转速90.16 r/min时，离地高度27.73 mm时，水稻秸秆捡拾率为97.22%，机具在作业时对水稻秸秆的捡拾效果最好。